Complications in Anesthesia

Section 1: Preoperative Conditions

1 Adrenal Insufficiency

2 Alzheimer's Disease

3 Chemical Dependency: Nonopioids

4 Chemical Dependency: Opioids

5 Chronic Opioid Use

6 Dialysis-Dependent Patients

7 Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders in the Operating Room

8 Drugs Affecting the Renin-Angiotensin System

9 HIV Infection and AIDS

10 Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

11 Hyperthyroidism: Thyroid Storm

12 Hypothyroidism: Myxedema Coma

13 Mechanical Assist Devices

14 Myasthenic Disorders

15 Patient Confidentiality

16 Patients with Cardiac Rhythm Management Devices

17 Patients with Seizure Disorders

18 Perioperative Management of Patients with Muscular Dystrophy

19 Porphyrias

20 Preanesthetic Evaluation: False-Positive Tests

21 Preanesthetic Evaluation: Inadequate or Missing Test Result

22 Preoperative Cardiac Interventions

23 Sarcoidosis

24 Sepsis, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome

25 Steroids

26 The Jehovah's Witness Patient

27 Unstable Cervical Spine, Atlantoaxial Subluxation

28 Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

Section 2: Procedure-Related Complications

29 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair

30 Adenotonsillectomy

31 Anesthesia for Electroconvulsive Therapy

32 Anesthetic Complications of Fetal Surgery: EXIT Procedures

33 Antepartum Hemorrhage

34 Anterior Mediastinal Mass

35 Anticoagulants and Peripheral Nerve Block

36 Anticoagulation Initiation and Reversal for Cardiac Surgery

37 Arteriovenous Malformation: Normal Perfusion Pressure Breakthrough

38 Bleeding After Cardiac Surgery

39 Cardiomyopathies

40 Cardioversion

41 Carotid Endarterectomy

42 Chronic NSAID Use

43 Complications after Pneumonectomy

44 Complications of Adrenal Surgery

45 Complications of Carcinoid Tumors

46 Complications of Laparoscopic Surgery

47 Complications of Lithotripsy

48 Complications of Massive Transfusion

49 Complications of Radical Urologic Surgery

50 Complications of Spinal Surgery

51 Complications of Thyroid Surgery

52 Complications of Transurethral Surgery

53 Complications of Trauma Surgery

54 Continuous Nerve Blocks: Perineural Local Anesthetic Infusion

55 Extremity Tourniquets

56 Fetal Distress

57 Foreign Body Aspiration

58 Head Injury

59 Hemodilution and Blood Conservation

60 Intracranial Aneurysms: Rebleeding

61 Intracranial Aneurysms: Vasospasm and Other Issues

62 Laryngoscopy and Microlaryngoscopy

63 Major Organ System Dysfunction after Cardiopulmonary Bypass

64 Mediastinal Masses

65 Methylmethacrylate

66 One-Lung Ventilation

67 Open Globe Injury

68 Perioperative Psychological Trauma

69 Peripheral Vascular Surgery

70 Pituitary Tumors: Diabetes Insipidus

71 Posterior Fossa Surgery

72 Postpartum Hemorrhage

73 Preterm Labor

74 Pulmonary Hypertension

75 Retrobulbar Block

76 Sedation of Pediatric Patients

77 Spinal Cord Injury

78 Thermally Injured Patients

79 Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm

80 Toxic Ingestion

81 Troubleshooting Common Problems During Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Section 3: Intraoperative Agents and Potential Complications

82 Antibiotics

83 Antiemetic Drugs

84 Antihistamines: H1- and H2-Blockers

85 Autonomic Hyperreflexia

86 Barbiturates: Porphyrias

87 Disorders of Potassium Balance

88 Intrathecal Opioids

89 Ketamine

90 Magnesium

91 Magnetic Resonance Imaging

92 Muscle Relaxants

93 Nitrous Oxide: Neurotoxicity

94 Nonbarbiturate Anesthetics

95 Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Block

96 Perioperative Fluid Management

97 Reversal Agents: Naloxone, Flumazenil, and Sugammadex

98 Succinylcholine

99 Volatile Anesthetics: Organ Toxicity

100 Blood and Blood Products: Infections

101 Blood and Blood Products: Transfuction Reaction

102 Epidural Anesthesia: Unintended Intrathecal Injection

103 Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity

104 Respiration Depression After Spinal Anesthesia

Section 4: Equipment-Related Complications

105 Anesthesia Circuit

106 Carbon Dioxide Absorbers

107 Central Venous Pressure Monitoring

108 Electrical Safety

109 Fires in the Operating Room

110 Flowmeters

111 Intracranial Pressure Monitoring

112 Intravenous Drug Delivery Systems

113 Laser Complications

114 Mechanical Ventilators

115 Patient Warming Systems

116 Pipeline Source Failure

117 Proportioning Systems

118 Pulmonary Artery Pressure Monitoring

119 Rapid Fluid and Blood Delivery Systems

120 Scavenging Systems

121 Surgical Diathermy and Electrocautery

122 Transesophageal Echocardiography

123 Vaporizers

Section 5: Perioperative Events

124 Adverse Neurologic Sequelae: Central Neurologic Impairment

125 Adverse Neurologic Sequelae: Peripheral Nerve Injury

126 Adverse Outcomes: Withheld Information or Misinformation

127 Air Emboli

128 Alleged Malpractice

129 Anaphylaxis and Anaphylactoid Reactions

130 Angioedema and Urticaria

131 Autonomic Dysreflexia

132 Awareness Under Anesthesia

133 Bradyarrythmias

134 Bronchospasm

135 Celiac Plexus Block: Side Effects and Complications

136 Corneal Injury

137 Delayed Emergence

138 Dental Injuries

139 Difficult Airway and Failed Extubation

140 Disorders of Water Homeostasis: Hyponatremia and Hypernatremia

141 Embolic Events of Pregnancy

142 Fat Embolism Syndrome

143 Hypercoagulable States: Thrombosis and Embolism

144 Hyperglycemia and Diabetic Ketoacidosis

145 Hyperthermia

146 Hypothermia

147 Inadequate Pain Relief

148 Infectious Complications of Central Neuraxial Block

149 Interscalene Nerve Block: Potential Severe Complications

150 Intracranial Hypertension

151 Intractable Nausea and Vomiting

152 Laryngeal and Tracheal Injury

153 Latex Reactions in Health Care Personnel

154 Local Anesthetic Neurotoxicity: Cauda Equina Syndrome

155 Long QT Syndromes and Torsade de Pointes

156 Metabolic Acidosis and Alkalosis

157 Misidentification of a Patient

158 Perioperative Hypertension

159 Perioperative Hypoxia

160 Perioperative Myocardial Ischemia and Infarction

161 Perioperative Tachyarrhythmias

162 Peripartum Neurologic Complications

163 Persistent Paresthesia

164 Postobstruction Pulmonary Edema

165 Postoperative Acute Renal Failure

166 Postoperative Delirium

167 Postoperative Hemodynamic Instability

168 Postoperative Hepatic Dysfunction

169 Postoperative Peripheral Neuropathy

170 Postoperative Pulmonary Hypertension

171 Postoperative Respiratory Failure

172 Postoperative Respiratory Insufficiency

172 Postoperative Urinary Retention

173 Postoperative Visual Loss

174 Postpartum Headache other Than Post-Dural Puncture Headache

175 Psoas Compartment Block: Potential Complications

176 Pulmonary Aspiration

177 Pulmonary Aspiration in the Parturient

178 Spinal Anesthesia: Post-Dural Puncture Headache

179 Spinal Hematoma

180 Supraclavicular and Infraclavicular Block: Complications

181 Syringe Swaps

182 The Hostile-Combative Patient

183 Thromboembolic Complications

184 Unanticipated Hospital Admission and Readmission

185 Uncontrolled Postoperative Pain

186 Venous Air Embolism

Section 6: Pediatric Perioperative Events

187 Delayed Emergence in Pediatric Patients

188 Difficult Pediatric Airway

189 Emergence Agitation

190 Hypoglycemia and Hyperglycemia

191 Hypothermia in Pediatric Patients

192 Hypoxemia in Pediatric Patients

193 Intraoperative Cardiac Arrest, Pediatric

194 Latex Allergy/Anaphylaxis

195 Malignant Hyperthermia

196 Ophthalmic Problems and Complications, Pediatric

197 Pediatric Hyperthermia

198 Pediatric Laryngospasm

199 Perioperative Aspiration Pneumonitis, Pediatric

200 Postintubation Croup

201 Postobstruction Pulmonary Edema in Pediatric Patients

202 Postoperative Apnea in Infants

203 Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting, Pediatric