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Down-Flow Hanging Sponge (DHS) Reactors

A Self-Sustainable Technology for Wastewater Treatment

  • 1st Edition - October 1, 2026
  • Latest edition
  • Editors: Vinay Kumar Tyagi, Takahiro Watari, Tsutomu Okubo, Hideki Harada
  • Language: English

Down-Flow Hanging Sponge (DHS) Reactors: A Self-Sustainable Technology for Wastewater Treatment explores the innovative features and advantages of DHS technology, including its en… Read more

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Description

Down-Flow Hanging Sponge (DHS) Reactors: A Self-Sustainable Technology for Wastewater Treatment explores the innovative features and advantages of DHS technology, including its energy-efficient design, minimal maintenance requirements, and removal efficiency. Readers will gain insights into the historical development of the DHS process, its application across various wastewater types, and its capabilities in nutrient and pathogen removal, all while maintaining short hydraulic retention times. Structured around critical topics such as process microbiology, sludge reduction efficiency, and real-world case studies from pilot and full-scale implementations, the book serves as an essential resource for engineers, researchers, and academics.

Each chapter provides a detailed examination of the DHS process, including its applications in diverse regions and industries, from aquaculture to industrial effluent treatment. This book is a vital tool for professionals seeking to enhance effluent quality while navigating stringent environmental regulations.

Key features

  • Explains the principles and mechanisms of the DHS (Distributed Hybrid System) process
  • Illustrates practical applications through real-world case studies
  • Evaluates the latest advancements in wastewater treatment
  • Discusses the theoretical foundations of wastewater treatment technologies
  • Encourages future research and innovation by outlining emerging trends and potential developments in the field

Readership

Master and doctoral students, postdocs, researchers, and scientists in academia in chemical engineering, environmental biotechnology, environmental engineering, civil engineering, public health engineering, and municipal engineering

Table of contents

Part A: Introduction

1. Down Down-Flow Hanging Sponge (DHS) Reactors: An Introduction

2. Development of Down-Flow Hanging Sponge (DHS) process- History

Part B: Process Performance

3. Nutrients Removal in Down-Flow Hanging Sponge (DHS) Reactors

4. Organics removal in Down-Flow Hanging Sponge (DHS) Reactors

5. Pathogens removal in Down-Flow Hanging Sponge (DHS) Reactors

6. Excess sludge reduction in Down-Flow Hanging Sponge (DHS) Reactors

7. Process Microbiology of Down-Flow Hanging Sponge (DHS) Reactors

8. Novel nitrogen removal process

9. N2O reduction by DHS

10. DHS in South America

11. DHS in Southeast Asia

12. Pre-settled sewage treatment by Down-Flow Hanging Sponge (DHS) Reactor

13. Industrial effluents treatment by Down-Flow Hanging Sponge (DHS) Reactors

14. Full scale applications of DHS Reactors

15. Initiatives for implementation based on the innovative sewage technology demonstration project

16. Application of DHS in Aquaculture

17. Dissolved methane treatment using DHS

Part C: Operational, Techno-Economical and Sustainability Features

18. Operational and maintenance of Down-Flow Hanging Sponge (DHS) Reactors

19. Techno-Economic and Energy Assessment of Down-Flow Hanging Sponge (DHS) Reactors

20. Life cycle assessment of DHS reactors

Product details

  • Edition: 1
  • Latest edition
  • Published: October 1, 2026
  • Language: English

About the editors

VT

Vinay Kumar Tyagi

Dr. Vinay Kumar Tyagi is a Scientist D in the Environmental Hydrology Division of the National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, India. His research interests include energy-efficient wastewater treatment systems, sludge and solid waste management, and health related water microbiology. Dr. Tyagi has over 100 international publications, with more than 8,000 citations, as well as co-editing or co-authoring 8 full books and 42 book chapters. He was listed in the Top 2% of Scientists worldwide (Stanford University / Elsevier). Dr. Tyagi is Management Committee Member of the International Water Association (IWA) Sludge Management Specialist Group (represent South Asia Division), and Anaerobic Digestion Specialist Group. He is an editorial board member for several international journals and a lead editor of several special issues. Dr. Tyagi has extensive international research experience and collaboration in Norway, Japan, Singapore, Spain, and Taiwan in the domains of wastewater treatment, sludge pre-treatment, and biomass to bioenergy recovery.

Affiliations and expertise
Environmental Hydrology Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, India

TW

Takahiro Watari

Takahiro Watari is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata, Japan. His research interests include advanced wastewater treatment systems such as anaerobic industrial wastewater treatment, low-cost aerobic sewage treatment, and recirculating aquaculture systems. Dr. Watari has published more than 80 publications. His research achievements have received many academic honors: 1) Japan Open Innovation Prize, Prime Minister's Award. 2) Best annual paper award of the Japan Society on Water Environment. He is an active reviewer of more than 50 International Peer-Reviewed Journals. Dr. Watari has extensive international research exposure and collaboration in Korea, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, India, Kenya, Egypt, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Chile in various environmental research domains such as wastewater treatment, recirculating aquaculture systems, and water supply.
Affiliations and expertise
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata, Japan

TO

Tsutomu Okubo

Tsutomu Okubo is a Professor at the National Institute of Technology, Kisarazu College, Japan, specializing in Civil Engineering with a PhD from Tohoku University. His research focuses on biological wastewater treatment and microbial risks associated with water pollution. Since his undergraduate studies, he has developed sewage treatment systems using down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) technology, designed for low energy consumption and minimal sludge generation. Dr. Okubo has conducted demonstration experiments in India and Egypt, and ongoing projects are in Malaysia and Thailand. He has co-authored over 59 research papers and received numerous awards at national and international conferences.
Affiliations and expertise
Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kisarazu College, Chiba, Kisarazu, Japan

HH

Hideki Harada

Hideki Harada earned his PhD from Tohoku University in 1980 and began teaching at Nagaoka University of Technology, becoming a Full Professor in Environmental Engineering in 1995. He moved to Tohoku University in 2006 and served as a Full Professor until 2015 before joining the NICHe research institute. In 2019, he founded DHS Technology Co., Ltd. Currently, he is a Professor Emeritus at both universities and CEO of his venture. His research focuses on developing low-cost wastewater technologies and analyzing microbial ecology in treatment processes. He has co-authored 400 scientific papers and spent two years at the Asian Institute of Technology, enhancing his commitment to appropriate wastewater treatment technologies for developing countries.
Affiliations and expertise
DHS Technology Co., Ltd., Naka-kasai, Edogawa, Tokyo, Japan