Elsevier's Dictionary of Geography

ABOUT AUTHORS

TERMINOLOGY OF GEOGRAPHY

USED SOURCES

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Basic Table

A

1 aa-lava

2 aberration of light

3 abiotic environment; non-living environment

4 ablation

5 ablation area; ablation zone

6 ablation microrelief

7 ablation moraine

8 ablation period

9 abrasion

10 abrasion arch

11 abrasion platform; strandflat; wave-cut platform; shore platform

12 abrasion shore

13 abrasion terrace; water-cut bench; marine-built terrace; water-built terrace

14 absolute age; radiometric age

15 absolute extremes

16 absolute geochronology; radiometric dating

17 absolute humidity; vapour concentration

18 absolute maximum

19 absolute minimum

20 absolute monarchy

21 absolute temperature scale; Kelvin scale

22 absolute zero

23 absorbed solar radiation

24 absorbing capacity of soil

25 absorbing soil complex; absorbing complex

26 absorption

27 absorption coefficient in the atmosphere

28 abyssal adj

29 abyssal cone

30 abyssal deposits; abyssal sediments

31 abyssal fauna

32 abyssal plain

33 abyssal zone

34 accelerated erosion

35 accessibility

36 accident emission

37 accidental avalanche; accidental triggering of avalanche

38 acclimatization

39 accretion

40 accretion coast; accumulation coast

41 acculturation

42 accumulation

43 accumulation area of glacier; accumulation zone; surplus area

44 accumulation area ratio

45 accumulation period of glacier

46 accumulative relief

47 acid lava

48 acid rain; acid precipitation

49 acid rock

50 acid soil

51 acid waters

52 acidophile

53 acrisol

54 actinometry

55 activated sludge

56 active adj

57 active cirque

58 active drainage area

59 active glacier

60 active layer

61 active layer of bog

62 active layer of ocean

63 active layer of permafrost; seasonally thawed layer

64 active population; working population

65 active porosity

66 active temperature

67 active volcano

68 activity index; energy of glacierization

69 actualism

70 adaptation; adaptability

71 adfreeze; adfreezing

72 adhesion

73 adhesion ripple

74 adiabatic

75 adiabatic compression

76 adiabatic cooling

77 adiabatic equivalent temperature

78 adiabatic expansion

79 adiabatic lapse rate; environmental lapse rate; adiabatic gradient

80 adiabatic process

81 adiabatic warming

82 adit; gallery

83 administrative centre

84 administrative methods of management

85 administrative region; district2

86 administrative-territorial division

87 adret

88 advanced dune

89 advection

90 advection fog; sea fog

91 advection frost

92 advection inversion

93 advective thunderstorm

94 adventitious organism

95 adyrs

96 aeolian adj; eolian adj

97 aerated ice

98 aeration

99 aeration of sewage; sewage aeration

100 aeration of water; water aeration

101 aerial photograph

102 aerial photography

103 aerobic adj

104 aerobic process

105 aeroclimatology

106 aerology

107 aeronomy

108 aerophototopography

109 aerophyte

110 aeroplankton

111 aerosol pollutant; tropospheric aerosol

112 aerospace research

113 aesthetic geography

114 aestivation

115 afforestation

116 afterglow; evening glow

117 aftermath

118 aftershock

119 age of landscape

120 age of relief

121 ageostrophic wind; ageostrophic wind component

122 agglomerate

123 agglomeration economies; localization economies

124 aggradation

125 aggradation terrace; alluvial terrace

126 aggradational soils

127 aggraded plain; plain of aggradation

128 aggregation

129 aggressive water

130 agrarian adj; agricultural adj

131 agrarian crisis

132 agrarian reform; land reform

133 agribusiness complex

134 agricultural climatology; agroclimatology

135 agricultural effluent; farm runoff

136 agricultural land; farmland; agricultural area

137 agricultural landscape; agrolandscape

138 agricultural meteorology; agrometeorology

139 agricultural plants

140 agricultural region

141 agricultural revolution

142 agriculture; husbandry

143 agrocenology

144 agrocenosis; agroecosystem; agrophytocenosis

145 agroclimatic index

146 agroclimatic resources

147 agroclimatic zone

148 agroforestal adj

149 agro-forestry

150 agro-industrial complex

151 agronomy; agricultural science

152 agrophyte

153 agrozem

154 aheliophyte

155 air

156 air corridor

157 air diffusion

158 air hole

159 air mass

160 air navigation chart

161 air quality

162 air regime of soil

163 air space

164 air stream; air flow

165 air transport

166 aircraft industry; aviation industry

167 airglow; nightglow

168 air-mass clouds

169 air-mass thunderstorm

170 airport

171 ajacent sea; marginal sea; semi-closed sea

172 Akchaghylian basin

173 aksu

174 alas

175 alatau

176 albedo

177 albeluvisol

178 aleurite

179 aleurolite

180 alfisol

181 algae

182 algal mat

183 algotrophism

184 alimentation of glacier; glacial alimentation; alimentation

185 alimentation of water bodies; feeding of water bodies

186 alisol

187 alkali flat

188 alkali soil

189 alkaline soil

190 alkalinity of soil

191 alkalinization of soil

192 allelopathy

193 Alleroed

194 allitic soil

195 allitization

196 allochore

197 allochthonous adj

198 allochthonous species

199 allochtonous river

200 alluvial adj

201 alluvial cone; debris fan

202 alluvial fan

203 alluvial fan deposit

204 alluvial plain; washplain

205 alluvial soil

206 alluvial water

207 alluvium; fluvial deposits; alluvial deposits; fluvial sediments

208 alluvium sheet

209 alp

210 alpine adj

211 alpine belt

212 alpine desert

213 alpine glacier

214 alpine glow

215 alpine meadow

216 alpine orogeny; alpine folding

217 alpine relief

218 alpine tundra

219 alpine vegetation

220 alternative energy; green energy

221 alternative sources of energy; renewable energy sources

222 alternative technology

223 altimetric frequency curve

224 altiplanation

225 altiplanation terrace; solifluction terrace; goletz terrace

226 altiplano

227 altitude; absolute elevation

228 altitudinal belt; vertical zone; altitudinal zone

229 altitudinal vegetation belt

230 altitudinal zonation; vertical zonation

231 altocumulus

232 altostratus

233 alvar

234 ambes pl

235 amenity

236 amictic lake

237 amorphous ice

238 amphiatlantic distribution

239 amphibians

240 amphiboreal distribution

241 amphidromic point

242 amphidromic system

243 amphipacific distribution

244 amphiphyte

245 amphitheatre

246 anabatic front

247 anabatic wind

248 anabiosis

249 anabranching

250 anaerobic adj

251 anaerobic process

252 anaglyphical map; anaglyph

253 anaglyphy

254 anahalinity

255 analogue landscapes

256 analysis of hydrograph

257 analythical map

258 anamorphotic map; anamorphoid

259 anchor ice; bottom ice

260 ancient glaciation

261 ancient shoreline

262 ancient valley

263 Ancylus lake

264 andosol; volcanic soil

265 anemochore

266 anemophyte; anémophile m

267 angle of repose; angle of rest

268 angular distortion; angular alteration

269 angular uncomformity

270 animal trail

271 animated map; animation

272 annexation

273 annual adj

274 annual course

275 annual growth rings; annual ring; tree ring

276 annual layer

277 annual plant

278 annual range

279 annual runoff

280 annular drainage pattern

281 anomalous watershed

282 anoxic zone

283 antarctic adj

284 antarctic air mass; antarctic air

285 Antarctic circle

286 Antarctic Circumpolar Current; West Wind Drift

287 antarctic convergence

288 antarctic desert zone

289 antarctic front

290 antarctic oasis

291 antarctic oscillation

292 antarctic zone

293 antecedent river

294 antecedent valley

295 anteclise

296 anthropocentrism

297 anthropochore

298 anthropogenic adj; man-made adj; human-induced adj

299 anthropogenic desert

300 anthropogenic environment; technosphere

301 anthropogenic landscape; man-made landscape

302 anthropogenic pollution; man-made pollution; anthropogenic contamination

303 anthropogenic relief

304 anthropogenic soils; man-made soils

305 anthropogenic succession

306 anthropogenic vegetation

307 anthropogeography; geography of human being

308 anthropology

309 anthropophyte

310 anti-avalanche structures

311 anti-avalanche wedge

312 anticlinal ridge

313 anticlinal valley

314 anticline; anticlinal fold

315 anticlinorium

316 anticyclogenesis

317 anticyclolysis

318 anticyclone; high

319 anticyclonic circular current

320 anticyclonic eddy; anticyclonic vortex

321 antidune

322 antiglacialism

323 antiglobalism

324 antipodes

325 anti-trade; anti-trade wind

326 antitriptic current

327 anti-uafeis constructions

328 apartheid; racial segregation

329 apchipelago

330 aphelion

331 aphotic zone; disphotic zone

332 aphyllous plant; leafless plant

333 aphylly; afoliage

334 apogee

335 appalachian relief

336 apparent dip

337 appearance of ice

338 applied geography

339 applied geomorphology; engineering geomorphology

340 apposed glacier

341 appropriate technology

342 appropriative economy

343 apron; bahada

344 Apsheronian basin

345 aquaculture

346 aquanaut

347 aquatic adj

348 aquatic fauna; aquatic animals

349 aquatic flora; aquatic plants

350 aquatic landscape; aquatic ecosystem

351 aqueduct

352 aquifer; aquifer horizon; aquafer; water-bearing layer

353 arable horizon of soil

354 arable land; cropland; tillage2; ploughland

355 arboretum

356 arch1

357 arch2

358 archaean

359 archean foldings

360 archeological culture

361 archeological dating

362 archeological site

363 archeophyte

364 arctic adj

365 arctic air mass; arctic air

366 Arctic circle

367 arctic desert zone

368 arctic front

369 arctic oscillation

370 arctic soils

371 arctic tundra

372 arctic zone

373 arcuate delta

374 area; geographic range; range2

375 area distortion; area deformation

376 arenosol

377 areography

378 aretic adj; areic adj; arheic adj

379 argillaceous adj; clayey adj; argillic adj

380 argillic desert

381 argillic horizon; clayey subsoil

382 argillite

383 arid climate

384 arid desert; hot desert

385 arid landforms

386 arid soils; aridisol; aridosol

387 arid zone

388 aridity

389 aridity index; index of aridity; aridity factor

390 armoured karst

391 armoured landforms

392 artefact; artifact

393 artesian basin

394 artesian water

395 artesian well

396 artificial avalanche

397 artificial satellite

398 artificial snow

399 aryk

400 ash; volcanic ash

401 ash cone

402 aspect1

403 aspen forest

404 assimilation

405 assimilation capacity of the environment

406 astatic lake; basinal lake

407 asteroid

408 asthenosphere

409 astrobleme

410 astronaut

411 astronomical coordinates

412 astronomical observation

413 astronomical twilight

414 asymmetrical fold

415 asymmetrical valley

416 asymmetry of relief

417 Atlantic

418 atlantic lande

419 atlas; geographic atlas

420 atlas cartography

421 atmosphere

422 atmospheric absorption

423 atmospheric aerosol; atmospheric dust

424 atmospheric attenuation; attenuation of solar radiation

425 atmospheric cell

426 atmospheric chemistry

427 atmospheric circulation; circulation of the atmosphere

428 atmospheric electricity

429 atmospheric front

430 atmospheric ice; atmogenic ice

431 atmospheric instability

433 atmospheric opacity; atmospheric turbidity

434 atmospheric optics

435 atmospheric perturbations

436 atmospheric phenomenon

437 atmospheric pollution; air pollution

438 atmospheric pressure; air pressure

439 atmospheric refraction

440 atmospheric stability; stable atmospheric equilibrium

441 atmospheric tide; solar atmospheric tide

442 atmospheric transparency

443 atmospheric water

444 atmospheric wave

445 atmospheric window; window

446 atoll

447 atrio

448 attached dune

449 attached island

450 attached water; constitution water; fixed water

451 attribute

452 attrition

453 aufeis; naled

454 aufeis blister

455 aufeis flood-plain

456 aufeis glade

457 aufeis resources

458 aureole

459 aurora; aurora australis; aurora borealis

460 autarchy; autarky

461 autochore

462 autochthonous adj

463 autochthonous species; native species; indigenous species

464 autocracy; dictatorship

465 autoecology

466 autogenic adj; autogeneous adj

467 automated cartography

468 automated mapping system

469 automobile industry; motor-car industry

470 autonomous adj

471 autonomous landscape; eluvial landscape

472 autonomy

473 auto-oscillations; self-induced oscillations

474 autotrophic soil formation

475 autumn; fall2

476 autumnal equinox

477 auxiliary industry

478 avalanche; snow avalanche

479 avalanche basin; avalanche catchment

480 avalanche body

481 avalanche channel

482 avalanche cone; avalanche deposit; avalanche debris

483 avalanche dam; avalanche barrier; avalanche wall

484 avalanche dog

485 avalanche frequency

486 avalanche gallery

487 avalanche hazard; avalanche danger

488 avalanche landscape

489 avalanche research station

490 avalanche runout distance

491 avalanche runout zone; avalanche deposition zone

492 avalanche site; starting zone of avalanche

493 avalanche snow-patch

494 avalanche studies

495 avalanche swath

496 avalanche track; avalanche path

497 avalanche trail

498 avalanche wind

499 avalanche-hazardous period

500 avalanche-hazardous slope

501 avalancher

502 axis of a fold

503 axis of the celestial sphere

504 axis of the Earth

505 azimuth; bearing2

506 azimuth of dip

507 azimuth of strike; trend azimuth

508 azimuthal projection; zenithal projection

509 azoic adj

510 azonal adj

511 azonal soils

512 azonal vegetation; azonal landscape

B

513 back radiation; downward terrestrial radiation; counterradiation

514 back swamp; valley bog

515 background; background concentration; background level

516 background radiation

517 backing of wind

518 backshore

519 backslope

520 backwash; backwash flow

521 backwater

522 back-water

523 backwater area of groundwater

524 backwoods

525 badland

526 Baer’s mounds

527 baguio

528 baidzherakh

529 Baikalien folding

530 bairak

531 bajir

532 Baku basin

533 balance curves

534 balance methods

535 balance of payments

536 balance of trade

537 balanced rock

538 bald mountain

539 balka

540 balkanization

541 ball lightning

542 balme

543 balneology

544 Baltic Ice Lake

545 bank; river bank

546 bank; swell2

547 bank fixation

548 bank scour

549 bank stream flow control

550 bankfull stream

551 banking; endigage m; diking

552 banner cloud

553 bar; longshore bar2

554 barbed drainage pattern

555 barbotage; sparging

556 barchan

557 barchan chain

558 barchan relief

559 bare fallow

560 bare karst

561 bare minimum flow

562 baric col

563 baric field

564 baric topography

565 baric trough

566 baric wave

567 baric wind law; Buys-Ballots law

568 barochore

569 barocline

570 baroclinic instability

571 baroclinity; barocliny; baroclinicity

572 barogradient current

573 barometric depression; depression2

574 barometric gradient; pressure gradient

575 barometric levelling

576 barometric step; pressure step

577 barotropy

578 barrage; dyke

579 barranco

580 barrier beach; barrier bar

581 barrier island

582 barrier reef

583 barter

584 basal adj; basic adj

585 basal horizon

586 basal moraine

587 basal slip; basal sliding

588 basalt

589 basaltic layer

590 base alimentation; base flow

591 base level of accumulation

592 base level of denudation

593 base level of glaciation

594 base map; outline map

595 base-level; base level of erosion

596 baseline

597 basement; basal complex

598 basic lava; basaltic lava

599 basin

600 basin irrigation; basin cultivation

601 basin landscape

602 basin of ground waters

603 basin-and-range terrain

604 basiphyte

605 batholith; bathylith

606 bathyal adj

607 bathyal deposits; bathyal sediments

608 bathyal zone

609 bathymetric curve

610 bathymetric map

611 bathymetry

612 bathyorographical map

613 bathyscaph; bathyscap; bathyscaphe

614 bathysphere

615 bay; embayment

616 bay bar; bay barrier

617 bazaar; bazaar economy

618 beach

619 beach cusps

620 beach scarp; wave-cut platform

621 beach-rock

622 beaded drainage pattern

623 beaded valley

624 bearing1; orientation; taking a bearing

625 Beaufort scale

626 bed1

627 bed load; load of a stream; traction load

628 bedding1

629 bedding cave

630 bedding plane; stratification plane

631 bedforms

632 bedouin

633 bedrock coast

634 bedrock1

635 bedrock2

636 beekeeping; apiculture

637 behaviourism; behavioural approach

638 belligerent landscape

639 bench

640 bench mark; survey mark

641 benefication f; concentration of minerals; dressing of minerals

642 benthal adj

643 benthic division; benthic zone

644 benthos

645 bergschrund

646 bergy waters

647 Beringia

648 berm

649 bid price curve; bid rent curve

650 biennial plant

651 biennial wind oscillation; quasi-biennial oscilation

652 bifurcation of stream; stream bifurcation

653 bifurcation ratio

654 bight

655 billow cloud

656 binodal seiche

657 biochemical oxidation

658 biochore

659 bioclymatology

660 biocoenology

661 biocoenosis; community2

662 biocycle

663 biodegradable adj

664 biodegradation; biodeterioration

665 biodiversity

666 biofiltration

667 biofuel; biomass fuel

668 biogenic landforms

669 biogenic migration

670 biogenic rocks

671 biogenic sediment; organic deposit; biogenic deposit

672 biogenic sedimentation

673 biogeochemical cycle

674 biogeography

675 biogeosphere

676 bioherm; reef-knoll

677 bioindication

678 biological activity of soil

679 biological amplification; biological magnification

680 biological desert

681 biological indicator; indicator species

682 biological minimum of temperature

683 biological oxygen demand; biochemical oxygen demand

684 biological pollution

685 biological production; biological productivity

686 biological purification; biopurification

687 biological resources

688 bioluminescence

689 biomass

690 biome

691 biometry

692 bioremediation

693 biosphere

694 biosphere reserve

695 biostasis; biostasy

696 biota

697 biotic barrier

698 biotic continuum

699 biotic environment

700 biotic factor; biological factor

701 biotic index

702 biotic potential

703 biotic pyramid

704 biotic regulation

705 biotic weathering

706 biotope

707 bioturbation

708 bipolar adj

709 bipolar distribution

710 bipolar world

711 birch forest; birch wood

712 birth control

713 birth rate; fertility

714 bituminous coal

715 black earth

716 black economy; informal economy; shadow economy

717 black ice

718 black smoker

719 blackening of glacier

720 blanket bog

721 blasting; sandblasting

722 blind mouth

723 blind valley

724 blistering of ice

725 blizzard

726 block diagram

727 block mountains

728 block of the Earths crust

729 block stream

730 block structure

731 blocked delta

732 block-faulting

733 blockfield

734 blocking action

735 blocking anticyclone

736 blow-hole

737 blowing snow

738 blow-out

739 blue ice

740 blue ice bands

741 blue sky

742 blue-green algae

743 bluff; high bank

744 boat-yard

745 bocca

746 bodden coast

747 body of water; water body

748 Boelling

749 bog landscape; fenland

750 bog soils; pen soils; peat soils

751 bolson

752 Bond cycles

753 bonitet

754 bora

755 border; boundary; frontier

756 border mountains

757 Boreal

758 boreal adj

759 boreal climate

760 boreal transgression

761 botanical garden; botanic garden

762 bottom; floor

763 bottom countercurrent; bottom counterflow

764 bottom current; bottom flow

765 bottom sediments

766 bottom water; deep watermass

767 boudinage

768 boulder; cobble

769 boulder balk

770 boulevard

771 boundary layer; surface layer of air; ground layer of air

772 boundary layer of the atmosphere; friction layer of the atmosphere; planetary boundary layer

773 boundary strip

774 box canyon

775 brackish adj

776 braided river; braided channel; anastomosing channel

777 braiding; anastomosis

778 brain drain

779 branch of a river; anabranch; distributary2; arm of a river

780 branch of industry; industrial branch

781 brash ice; ice gruel

782 break of slope

783 break off of slope

784 breaker

785 breaker zone; wave splash; breaking zone

786 break-of-bulk point

787 breakup of ice; breaking up of ice

788 breakwater; groyne

789 breastwall reservoir

790 breccia

791 breckland

792 breeding bottom; spawning ground

793 breeze

794 bridlepath; bridleway

795 brine

796 brine ice

797 brine pocket

798 broad-leaved forest

799 broad-leaved forest zone

800 Brocken spectrum

801 Bronze Age

802 brook; runnel; draw (amer); rivulet; rill

803 brow

804 brown forest soil; brown earth

805 brown semidesert soil

806 brown soils

807 browse

808 Brueckner period; Brückner cycle; Brückner period

809 brunification

810 brunizem; prairie soil

811 brushwood; thicket; dense bushes

812 budget year; balance year

813 buffer zone of a reserve

814 built-up estate; built-up area

815 bulk cargo

816 buoy; float

817 buoyancy; floatage

818 buran; poorga; purga

819 buried glacier

820 buried ice

821 buried ice vein

822 buried landforms

823 buried terrace

824 burn

825 burning

826 butte; knob

827 buttress

828 bypass

829 bypassing of sediments

830 by-product

C

831 caatinga

832 cable car; cableway

833 cabotage; coastwise navigation

834 cadastral map

835 cadastre

836 Cainozoic; Cenozoic

837 cake ice; ice-cake

838 calciphile; calcicole

839 calciphobe; calcifuge

840 calcisol

841 calcite

842 caldera

843 caldera glacier

844 Caledonian folding

845 calendar

846 calendar day; meansolar day

847 calendar year

848 caliche

849 calm

850 calving

851 calving bay

852 cambisol

853 Cambrian

854 campo

855 canal

856 canopy; crown cover

857 canopy density

858 capacity of a stream; carrying capacity of a stream

859 capacity of snow drifting

860 cape; headland; promontory

861 capillarity

862 capillary fringe

863 capillary water; capillary moisture

864 capital

865 capital goods

866 capital investment

867 capital-intensive adj

868 capitalism

869 cap-rock

870 captation

871 capture of river; river piracy; river capture; beheading of river

872 carbon capacity

873 carbon credit

874 carbon cycle

875 carbon sink

876 carbon tax

877 carbonaceous adj

878 carbonate horizon; lime horizon

879 carbonic acid; carbon dioxide

880 Carboniferous

881 cardinal direction

882 cardinal points

883 cargo turnover; fright turnover; turnover of goods

884 carnivore; predator

885 carpet-like communities; mat-vegetation

886 carrying capacity of area; profitable capacity

887 carrying capacity of ice

888 carrying capacity of transport

889 carrying intensity

890 cartel

891 carting; cartage

892 cartogram; chorogram

893 cartographic databank; cartographic data base

894 cartographic format

895 cartographic generalization

896 cartographic pattern

897 cartographical modelling

898 cartographical animation

899 cartographical browser

900 cartography; mapping

901 cartology

902 cartometry

903 cartouche

904 cascade

905 cascade of reservoirs

906 cash crop

907 caste

908 cataclasis

909 catacombs

910 catalogue of glaciers

911 cataract

912 catastrophic avalanche; climax avalanche

913 catastrophism

914 catch crop

915 catena

916 cattle-breeding; stock-raising

917 cave

918 cave glacier

919 cave hoarfrost

920 cave ice

921 cave lake; underground lake; karst lake

922 cavern

923 cavitation

924 Celcius scale

925 celestial adj

926 celestial coordinates

927 celestial equator; equinoctial

928 celestial meridian

929 celestial pole

930 celestial sphere

931 cellular sands

932 cellulate sand relief

933 cementation

934 census

935 central business district; downtown (amer)

936 central eruption

937 central meridian

938 central place

939 central place system

940 central place theory

941 centrality

942 centralization

943 centre of atmospheric action

944 centre of origin

945 centre of population density

946 centripetal drainage pattern

947 cereals

948 cerrado

949 cession

950 chaco

951 chain migration

952 chain of hills

953 channel deformation

954 channel flow; riverbed flow

955 channel processes

956 channel reach; cross section of a stream

957 channel storage

958 channelled avalanche

959 channelled glacier; wall-sided glacier

960 channelled river; canal river

961 chapada

962 chaparral

963 chart datum; datum plane; reference plane

964 charter

965 «cheeks»

966 chemical abrasion

967 chemical deposit

968 chemical industry

969 chemical pollution

970 chemical weathering; corrosion

971 chemistry of ocean; chemical oceanography

972 chemocline

973 chemosphere

974 chemosynthesis

975 chemotrophic adj

976 chern (Abies sibirica dominated taiga)

977 chernozem

978 chernozem-like soil

979 chestnut soil

980 chimney

981 chimney rock; rock pillar

982 chink

983 chinook

984 chionophile

985 chionophite

986 chionophob

987 chionosphere

988 chop; choppi sea

989 choppi wind

990 C-horizon

991 chorochromatic map

992 chorographic map; general map

993 chorology; areal differentiation; chorography

994 choropleth map

995 chronostratigraphy

996 Cimmerian folding

997 cinder cone

998 cinnamonic soil

999 circulation

1000 circulation epoch

1001 circumpolar diseases

1002 circumpolar distribution

1003 circumpolar vortex; polar vortex

1004 circumtropical distribution

1005 cirque; corrie; kar

1006 cirque lake

1007 cirque platform

1008 cirque steps

1009 cirrocumulus

1010 cirrostratus

1011 cirrus

1012 city

1013 city centre; city business district; CBD

1014 city region

1015 city-state

1016 civil twilight

1017 civilization

1018 class of landscapes

1019 clathrate

1020 clay

1021 clay loam

1022 clayey karst

1023 claypan

1024 clean water

1025 clear water

1026 clearing; opening

1027 cleavage; schistosity

1028 clevage of ice; ice foliation

1029 cliff

1030 climate

1031 climate change; climatic change

1032 climate feedback

1033 climate model

1034 climate scenario; climatic forecast

1035 climate sensitivity

1036 climate system

1037 climate system stability

1038 climatic adj

1039 climatic anomaly

1040 climatic characteristics; climatic element

1041 climatic cycle

1042 climatic factors

1043 climatic health resort

1044 climatic macrocycle

1045 climatic minimum

1046 climatic optimum

1047 climatic region

1048 climatic resources

1049 climatic snow line

1050 climatic standard normal

1051 climatic trend

1052 climatic type