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Glycosphingolipids in the Central Nervous System

Diversity in Structure, Metabolism, Distribution, and Function

  • 1st Edition - March 6, 2024
  • Latest edition
  • Author: Zhongwu Guo
  • Language: English

Glycosphingolipids in the Central Nervous System: Diversity in Structure, Metabolism, Distribution, and Function comprehensively covers progress made in the discovery, profiling… Read more

Description

Glycosphingolipids in the Central Nervous System: Diversity in Structure, Metabolism, Distribution, and Function comprehensively covers progress made in the discovery, profiling and understanding of the metabolism, function and functional mechanism of GSLs in the CNS –as well as their synthesis, relationships with and therapeutic applications to neurodegenerative disorders, and related CNS diseases. Due to the important roles of GSLs in the CNS and various CNS-related diseases, the interest in these biomolecules is growing. GSLs are the principal glycolipids on the cell surface and an essential constituent of the cell membrane.

They are widespread, but especially enriched in the central nervous system (CNS) in vertebrates. The diversity of GSL structures forges the molecular foundation for their broad spectrum of activity.

Key features

  • Presents a systematic review of literature and potential future developments in Glycosphingolipid research
  • Highlights interdisciplinary interplay between various aspects of the neuronal system and its structural and functional properties
  • Provides an overview, general trends, cases studies, summaries and future implications

Readership

Carbohydrate chemists, glycobiologists, medicinal chemists, researchers interested in drug development, and clinicians interested in c nervous system-related diseases (such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, lysosomal storage diseases, and numerous other)

Table of contents

1. Introduction2. Glycosphingolipid Structure and Metabolism 2.1 Glycosphingolipid Structure 2.2 Glycosphingolipid Biosynthesis 2.3 Glycosphingolipid Degradation 2.4 Regulation of Glycosphingolipid Metabolism 3. Glycosphingolipid Distribution in the Central Nervous System 3.1 Analysis of Biological Glycosphingolipids 3.2 Glycosphingolipid Distribution in Human Brain 3.3 Glycosphingolipid Distribution in Rat Brain 3.4 Glycosphingolipid Distribution in Mouse Brain 3.5 Glycosphingolipid Distribution in Brains of Other Animals 3.6 Lipid Composition of Glycosphingolipids 3.7 Age-Related Changes in Glycosphingolipid Distribution 3.8 Summary 4. Functions of Glycosphingolipids in the Central Nervous System 4.1 Glycosphingolipids in Brain Development 4.2 Glycosphingolipids in Neuronal Differentiation and Growth 4.3 Glycosphingolipids in Cell Signaling 4.4 Glycosphingolipids in Neural Protection 4.5 Glycosphingolipids in Nerve Regeneration 4.6 Glycosphingolipids in Memory and Cognition 4.7 Summary 5. Functional Mechanisms of Glycosphingolipids 5.1 Glycosphingolipid Interaction with Nerve Growth Factor 5.2 Glycosphingolipid Interaction with Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein 5.3 Glycosphingolipid Influence on Kinase and Phosphorylase 5.4 Glycosphingolipid Influence on Dopamine Signaling 5.5 Glycosphingolipid Influence on Ion Pumps or Channels 4.6 Glycosphingolipid Influence on Cell Membrane 5.7 Other Mechanisms 6. Glycosphingolipids and Central Nervous System-Related Diseases 6.1 Glycosphingolipids and Alzheimer’s Disease 6.2 Glycosphingolipids and Parkinson’s Disease 6.3 Glycosphingolipids and Liposomal Storage Diseases 6.3.1 Gaucher's Disease 6.3.2 Krabbe Disease 6.3.3 Metachromatic Leukodystrophy 6.3.4 Fabry Disease 6.3.5 GM2 Gangliosidosis: Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff Diseases and GM2 Activator Protein Deficiency 6.3.6 GM1 Gangliosidosis: type I, type II, and type III 6.3.7 Other Glycosphingolipid Lysosomal Storage Diseases: Farber Disease and Type A and Type B Niemann-Pick Diseases 6.4 Glycosphingolipids and Guillain-Barre Syndrome and Bickerstaff Syndrome 6.5 Glycosphingolipids and Huntington Disease 6.6 Glycosphingolipids and Epilepsy and Seizure 6.7 Glycosphingolipids and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Multiple Sclerosis 6.8 Glycosphingolipids and Ischemic Stroke 6.9 Glycosphingolipids and Depression and Anxiety 6.10 Glycosphingolipids and Alcohol Dependence 6.11 Glycosphingolipids and Infectious Diseases 6.12 Glycosphingolipids and Other Diseases 6.13 Functional Mutations of Glycosphingolipid Synthases 6.14 Summary 6.14.1 GM1 in CNS-Related Diseases 6.14.2 Fatty Acyl Group of Ceramide in CNS-Related Diseases 6.14.3 Glycosphingolipid Markers in CNS-Related Diseases 6.14.4 General Consideration of Various Therapeutic Strategies 7. Synthetic Glycosphingolipid Probes and Their Biological Applications 7.1 Chemical Synthesis 7.2 Chemoenzymatic Synthesis 7.3 Summary 8. Concluding Remarks

Product details

  • Edition: 1
  • Latest edition
  • Published: March 6, 2024
  • Language: English

About the author

ZG

Zhongwu Guo

Professor Zhongwu Guo is considered an international expert in glycoscience and carbohydrate chemistry. He has more than 30 years of extensive experience in synthetic carbohydrate chemistry and biological studies and applications of various glycoconjugates, especially glycoproteins and glycolipids, such as glycosphingolipids and glycosylphosphatidylinositols. Research in the Guo laboratory is at the interface of chemistry, chemical biology, and biomedical sciences. Its research projects range from the development of novel synthetic methodologies for complex carbohydrates, glycolipids and other glycoconjugates to their biological and medical applications. The methodologies include both chemical and chemoenzymatic syntheses, and the synthetic targets range from biologically important complex oligosaccharides to natural and functionalized glycoconjugates, such as glycosylphosphatidylinositols (GPIs), glycosphingolipids (GSLs), and glycoproteins. The synthesized molecules are employed to study and gain insights into the structures, functions, and action mechanisms of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates in various physiological and pathological processes, such as the interactions of GPIs and GSLs with the cell membrane and the functional roles of GPIs and GSLs in human diseases. New mass spectrometry-based methods are developed to explore GSL-omics of the central nerve system and its relationship with human diseases. Glycoconjugates are also explored for the development of new cancer immunotherapies, including therapeutic cancer vaccines.
Affiliations and expertise
Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Detroit, MI, USA

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