Marine Mammals of the World

1. Introduction

1.1 North Atlantic right whale—Eubalaena glacialis

1.2 North Pacific right whale—Eubalaena japonica

1.3 Southern right whale—Eubalaena australis

1.4 Bowhead whale—Balaena mysticetus

1.5 Pygmy right whale—Caperea marginate

1.6 Blue whale—Balaenoptera musculus

1.7 Fin whale—Balaenoptera physalus

1.8 Sei whale—Balaenoptera borealis

1.9 Bryde’s whale—Balaenoptera edeni


2. Basic Marine Mammal Biology


3. Taxonomic Groupings Above the Species Level


4. Cetaceans

4.10 Omura’s whale—Balaenoptera omurai

4.11 Rice’s whale—Balaenoptera ricei

4.12 Common minke whale—Balaenoptera acutorostrata

4.13 Antarctic minke whale—Balaenoptera bonaerensis

4.14 Humpback whale—Megaptera novaeangliae

4.15 Gray whale—Eschrichtius robustus

4.16 Sperm whale—Physeter macrocephalus

4.17 Pygmy sperm whale—Kogia breviceps

4.18 Dwarf sperm whale—Kogia sima

4.19 Baird’s beaked whale—Berardius bairdii

4.20 Sato’s beaked whale—Berardius minimus

4.21 Arnoux’s beaked whale—Berardius arnuxii

4.22 Cuvier’s beaked whale—Ziphius cavirostris

4.23 Northern bottlenose whale—Hyperoodon ampullatus

4.24 Southern bottlenose whale—Hyperoodon planifrons

4.25 Shepherd’s beaked whale—Tasmacetus shepherdi

4.26 Blainville’s beaked whale—Mesoplodon densirostris

4.27 Important Distinctions of Beaked Whales of the Genus Mesoplodon

4.28 Gray’s beaked whale—Mesoplodon grayi

4.29 Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale—Mesoplodon ginkgodens

4.30 Deraniyagala’s beaked whale—Mesoplodon hotaula

4.31 Hector’s beaked whale—Mesoplodon hectori

4.32 Perrin’s beaked whale—Mesoplodon perrini

4.33 Hubbs’ beaked whale—Mesoplodon carlhubbsi

4.34 Pygmy beaked whale—Mesoplodon peruvianus

4.35 Sowerby’s beaked whale—Mesoplodon bidens

4.36 Gervais’ beaked whale—Mesoplodon europaeus

4.37 True’s beaked whale—Mesoplodon mirus

4.38 Strap-toothed beaked whale—Mesoplodon layardii

4.39 Andrew’s beaked whale—Mesoplodon bowdoini

4.40 Stejneger’s beaked whale—Mesoplodon stejnegeri

4.41 Spade-toothed beaked whale—Mesoplodon traversii

4.42 Longman’s beaked whale—Indopacetus pacificus

4.43 Narwhal—Monodon monoceros

4.44 Beluga whale—Delphinapterus leucas

4.45 Australian snubfin dolphin—Orcaella heinsohni

4.46 Irrawaddy dolphin—Orcaella brevirostris

4.47 Killer whale—Orcinus orca

4.48 Short-finned pilot whale—Globicephala macrorhynchus

4.49 Long-finned pilot whale—Globicephala melas

4.50 False killer whale—Pseudorca crassidens

4.51 Pygmy killer whale—Feresa attenuate

4.52 Melon-headed whale—Peponocephala electra

4.53 Risso’s dolphin—Grampus griseus

4.54 Tucuxi—Sotalia fluviatilis

4.55 Guiana dolphin—Sotalia guianensis

4.56 Rough-toothed dolphin—Steno bredanensis

4.57 Atlantic humpback dolphin—Sousa teuszii

4.58 Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin—Sousa chinensis

4.59 Indian Ocean humpback dolphin—Sousa plumbea

4.60 Australian humpback dolphin—Sousa sahulensis

4.61 Common bottlenose dolphin—Tursiops truncates

4.62 Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin—Tursiops aduncus

4.63 Pantropical spotted dolphin—Stenella attenuate

4.64 Atlantic spotted dolphin—Stenella frontalis

4.65 Spinner dolphin—Stenella longirostris

4.66 Clymene dolphin—Stenella clymene

4.67 Striped dolphin—Stenella coeruleoalba

4.68 Common dolphin—Delphinus delphis

4.69 Eastern Pacific long-beaked common dolphin—Delphinus bairdii

4.70 Fraser’s dolphin—Lagenodelphis hosei

4.71 White-beaked dolphin—Lagenorhynchus albirostris

4.72 Atlantic white-sided dolphin—Lagenorhynchus acutus

4.73 Pacific white-sided dolphin—Lagenorhynchus obliquidens

4.74 Dusky dolphin—Lagenorhynchus obscurus

4.75 Hourglass dolphin—Lagenorhynchus cruciger

4.76 Peale’s dolphin—Lagenorhynchus australis

4.77 Northern right whale dolphin—Lissodelphis borealis

4.78 Southern right whale dolphin—Lissodelphis peronii

4.79 Commerson’s dolphin—Cephalorhynchus commersonii

4.80 Heaviside’s dolphin—Cephalorhynchus heavisidii

4.81 Hector’s dolphin—Cephalorhynchus hectori

4.82 Chilean dolphin—Cephalorhynchus eutropia

4.83 Dall’s porpoise—Phocoenoides dalli

4.84 Harbor porpoise—Phocoena phocoena

4.85 Spectacled porpoise—Phocoena dioptrica

4.86 Burmeister’s porpoise—Phocoena spinipinnis

4.87 Vaquita—Phocoena sinus

4.88 Indo-Pacific finless porpoise—Neophocaena phocaenoides

4.89 Narrow-ridged finless porpoise—Neophocaena asiaeorientalis

4.90 Ganges River dolphin—Platanista gangetica

4.91 Indus River dolphin—Platanista minor

4.92 Amazon River dolphin—Inia geoffrensis

4.93 Franciscana—Pontoporia blainvillei


5. Pinnipeds

5.1 Northern fur seal—Call

5.2 Hybrid southern hemisphere fur seals genus Arctocephalus

5.3 Antarctic fur seal—Arctocephalus gazella

5.4 Juan Fernandez and Guadalupe fur seals—Arctocephalus philippii

5.5 Galapagos fur seal—Arctocephalus galapagoensis

5.6 South American fur seal—Arctocephalus australis

5.7 New Zealand fur seal—Arctocephalus forsteri

5.8 Subantarctic fur seal—Arctocephalus tropicalis

5.9 Cape and Australian fur seals—Arctocephalus pusillus

5.10 Hybrid northern hemisphere Otariids

5.11 Steller sea lion—Eumetopias jubatus

5.12 California sea lion—Zalophus californianus

5.13 Galapagos sea lion—Zalophus wollebaeki

5.14 South American sea lion—Otaria byronia

5.15 Australian sea lion—Neophoca cinerea

5.16 New Zealand sea lion—Phocarctos hookeri

5.17 Walrus—Odobenus rosmarus

5.18 Hawaiian monk seal—Neomonachus schauinslandi

5.19 Mediterranean monk seal—Monachus monachus

5.20 Ross seal—Ommatophoca rossii

5.21 Crabeater seal—Lobodon carcinophaga

5.22 Leopard seal—Hydrurga leptonyx

5.23 Weddell seal—Leptonychotes weddellii

5.24 Southern elephant seal—Mirounga leonine

5.25 Northern elephant seal—Mirounga angustirostris

5.26 Bearded seal—Erignathus barbatus

5.27 Hooded seal—Cystophora cristata

5.28 Gray seal—Halichoerus grypus

5.29 Ribbon seal—Histriophoca fasciata

5.30 Harp seal—Pagophilus groenlandicus

5.31 Harbor seal—Phoca vituline

5.32 Spotted seal—Phoca largha

5.33 Ringed seal—Pusa hispida

5.34 Baikal seal—Pusa sibirica

5.35 Caspian seal—Pusa capsica


6. Sirenians

6.1 West Indian manatee—Trichechus manatus

6.2 African manatee—Trichechus senegalensis

6.3 Amazonian manatee—Trichechus inunguis

6.4 Dugong—Dugong dugon


7. Otters & Polar Bears

7.1 Sea otter—Enhydra lutris

7.2 Marine otter—Lontra feline

7.3 Polar bear—Ursus maritimus


8. Extinct Species

8.1 Baiji—Lipotes vexillifer

8.2 Japanese sea lion—Zalophus japonicus

8.3 Caribbean monk seal—Neomonachus tropicalis

8.4 Steller’s sea cow—Hydrodamalis gigas

8.5 Sea mink—Neovison macrodon


9. Identification Keys

9.1 Key to Identification of Cetaceans of the World, Based on External Appearance

9.2 Key to Identification of Cetaceans of the World, Based on Skull Morphology

9.3 Key to Identification of Baleen Whales of the World, Based on Baleen Plates

9.4 Key to Identification of Pinnipeds of the World, Based on External Appearance

9.5 Key to Identification of Pinnipeds of the World, Based on Skull Morphology

9.6 Key to Identification of Sirenians of the World, Based on External Appearance and Distribution

9.7 Key to Identification of Sirenians of the World,