Optical Techniques

List of Contributors

Preface to the Second Edition of Volume I

Preface to the First Edition of Volume I

Contents of Volume IB

Chapter 1 The Light Microscope

I. Principles of Lenses and Lens Systems

II. Physical Theory

III. The Eye in Relation to Microscopy

IV. The Optical and Mechanical Systems of the Microscope

V. Adjustment and Use of the Microscope

VI. General Theory of Image Formation in the Microscope

References

Chapter 2 Electron Microscopy

I. The Limits of Optical Observation

II. Basic Principles of Electron Microscopy

III. Practical Differences between Optical and Electron Microscopy

IV. Elements of Electron Lenses

V. The Illuminating System

VI. The Imaging System

VII. Recording the Image

VIII. Requirements for High Performance

IX. Specimen Preparation

X. Artifacts

XI. The Scanning Electron Microscope

XII. The High Voltage Electron Microscope

XIII. Other Types of Electron Microscope

References

Chapter 3 The Microprobe Assay of Chemical Elements

I. Introduction

II. Components and Modes of Operation of the Standard Microprobe

III. Types of Instrumentation and Their Performance

IV. Spatial Resolution of the X-Ray Analysis

V. Sensitivity

VI. Quantitation

VII. Specimen Preparation

VIII. Damage to Specimens in the Electron-Probe Instrument

IX. Other Types of Microprobe Analysis

References

Appendix I. Manufacturers and Availability of Probe Instruments

Appendix II. Bibliography of Biological Applications of Electron-Probe X-Ray Microanalysis

Chapter 4 Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy

I. Introduction

II. Infrared Methods

III. Raman Methods

References

Chapter 5 Optical Rotatory Dispersion and Circular Dichroism

I. Introduction

II. Polynucleotides, RNA and DNA

III. Polypeptides and Proteins

IV. Polysaccharides

V. Concluding Remarks

References

Author Index

Subject Index