Reproduction in Domestic Animals

List of Contributors

Foreword to the First Edition

Preface


1. Historical Introduction

I. Early History, Mostly Anatomical

II. Sex Determination

III. Sexual Cycles

IV. Steroid Hormones

V. Anterior Pituitary Hormones

VI. Physiology of Spermatozoa

VII. Miscellaneous Factors

References


2. Physiological Characterization of Gonadotropins

I. Introduction

II. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

III. Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

IV. Prolactin

V. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG)

VI. Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin (PMSG)

VII. Effect of Gonadotropins upon Metabohc Activity of Gonads

VIII. The Progonadotropic Response

IX. The Pituitary Antagonist

X. Standards and International Units

References


3. Immunological Characterization of the Gonadotropins

I. Introduction

II. General Immunological Considerations

III. Development of Antisera

IV. Immunological Methods of Analysis

V. Application of Immunological Procedures

References


4. Chemistry of the Gonadotropins

I. Introduction

II. Luteinizing Hormone (LH, ICSH)

III. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

IV. Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin (PMSG)

V. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG)

VI. Prolactin (Lactogenic Hormone; Mammotropin; Luteotropin; LTH)

VII. Concluding Remarks

References


5. Physiology of Gonadal Hormones and Related Synthetic Compounds

I. Androgens

II. Estrogens

III. Progestogens

IV. Relaxin

References


6. The Biochemistry of Gonadal Hormones and Related Compounds

I. Pregnenolone and Progesterone

II. Androgens

III. Estrogens

References


7. Role of the Nervous System in Reproductive Processes

I. Introduction

II. Neural Substrates of Mating Behavior

III. Regulation of the Secretion of Pituitary Gonadotropins by the Nervous System

IV. Regulation of the Onset of Puberty by the Nervous System

V. Effects of Hormones on Development and Differentiation of the Brain

VI. Summary

References


8. Oogenesis and Folliculogenesis

I. General Characteristics of Female Gametogenesis

II. Formation of Primordial Follicles: Oogenesis

III. Formation of Preovulatory Follicles: Folliculogenesis

IV. Importance of the Quantitative Production of Female Gametes

References


9. The Estrous Cycle

I. Introduction

II. Puberty

III. The Sexual Season

IV. The Cycle

V. Cyclic Changes in the Reproductive and Endocrine Organs

VI. Hormonal Changes during the Estrous Cycle

VII. Mechanisms Controlling the Estrous Cycle

References


10. Spermatogenesis and Morphology of the Spermatozoon

I. Introduction

II. Description of the Spermatogenic and Seminiferous Epithehal Cycles

III. The Cellular Elements of the Speramatogenic Cycle in Domestic Animals

IV. The Sertoli Cells

V. Establishment of Spermatogenesis in the Young Male

VI. Duration of the Spermatogenic Processes

VII. Control of Spermatogenesis

References


11. Physiology of Semen and of the Male Reproductive Tract

I. Introduction

II. General: Composition and Properties of Semen and Secretions of Male Accessory Glands

III. Species Characteristics

References


12. Physiological Aspects of Artificial Insemination

I. Introduction

II. Development of Sexual Function

III. Sperm Production

IV. Libido and Semen Collection

V. Semen Preservation

VI. Insemination

VII. Factors Affecting Fertility in Artificial Insemination

References


13. Fertilization and Development of the Egg

I. Maturation, Ovulation, and Transport of Eggs

II. Transport of Spermatozoa

III. Fertilization

IV. Cleavage

V. Maintenance of the Preimplantation Embryo

References


14. Implantation, Development of the Fetus, and Fetal Membranes

I. Introduction

II. Anatomy of the Uterus

III. Implantation

IV. Growth of the Conceptus and Formation of the Placenta

V. The Placenta and Ultrastructure of the Fetomaternal Junction

VI. Fetal Nutrition and Growth

VII. Chorioallantoic Anastomoses and Twinning

VIII. Immunological Problems of Pregnancy

References


15. Hormonal Mechanisms during Pregnancy and Parturition

I. Introduction

II. Hormonal Mechanisms in Pregnancy

III. Hormonal Mechanisms in Parturition

References


16. Mammary Growth and Lactation

I. Introduction

II. Morphogenesis and Development of the Mammary Gland

III. Hormonal Requirements for Mammary Gland Development and Lactation

IV. Milk Synthesis

V. Milk Ejection

References


17. Environmental Factors Affecting Reproduction

I. Introduction

II. The Role of Environmental Factors on Reproduction in Individual Species

References


18. Nutritive Influences Upon Reproduction

I. The Influence of Nutrition on the Development and Function of the Reproductive Organs

II. Nutrition and Prenatal Development

III. The Nutrient Requirement for Fetal Development in Cattle

References


19. Infectious Diseases Influencing Reproduction

I. Introduction

II. Bacterial Infections

III. Virus Infections

IV. Protozoan Infections

V. Pathological Responses of the Genital Organs to Miscellaneous Infections

References


20. Sexual Behavior and Controlling Mechanisms in Domestic Birds and Mammals

I. Introduction

II. Domestic Birds

III. Domestic Mammals

IV. Role of Gonadal Hormones in Gontrolling Sexual Behavior

V. Pharmacological Synchronization of Estrus in Domestic Mammals

References


21. Reproduction in Domestic Fowl

I. Introduction

II. Sex Development

III. The Female Reproductive System

IV. The Male Reproductive System

V. Reproduction

References

Subject Index