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Elsevier

Books in Physical sciences and engineering

  • Perspective of DNA Computing in Computer Science

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 129
    • English
    DNA or Deoxyribonucleic Acid computing is an emerging branch of computing that uses DNA sequence, biochemistry, and hardware for encoding genetic information in computers. Here, information is represented by using the four genetic alphabets or DNA bases, namely A (Adenine), G (Guanine), C (Cytosine), and T (Thymine), instead of the binary representation (1 and 0) used by traditional computers. This is achieved because short DNA molecules of any arbitrary sequence of A, G, C, and T can be synthesized to order. DNA computing is mainly popular for three reasons: (i) speed (ii) minimal storage requirements, and (iii) minimal power requirements. There are many applications of DNA computing in the field of computer science. Nowadays, DNA computing is widely used in cryptography for achieving a strong security technique, so that unauthorized users are unable to retrieve the original data content. In DNA-based encryption, data are encrypted by using DNA bases (A, T, G, and C) instead of 0 and 1. As four DNA bases are used in the encryption process, DNA computing supports more randomness and makes it more complex for attackers or malicious users to hack the data. DNA computing is also used for data storage because a large number of data items can be stored inside the condensed volume. One gram of DNA holds approx DNA bases or approx 700 TB. However, it takes approx 233 hard disks to store the same data on 3 TB hard disks, and the weight of all these hard disks can be approx 151 kilos. In a cloud environment, the Data Owner (DO) stores their confidential encrypted data outside of their own domain, which attracts many attackers and hackers. DNA computing can be one of the best solutions to protect the data of a cloud server. Here, the DO can use DNA bases to encrypt the data by generating a long DNA sequence. Another application of DNA computing is in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Many researchers are trying to improve the security of WSN by using DNA computing. Here, DNA cryptography is used along with Secure Socket Layer (SSL) that supports a secure medium to exchange information. However, recent research shows some limitations of DNA computing. One of the critical issues is that DNA cryptography does not have a strong mathematical background like other cryptographic systems. This edited book is being planned to bring forth all the information of DNA computing. Along with the research gaps in the currently available books/literature, this edited book presents many applications of DNA computing in the fields of computer science. Moreover, research challenges and future work directions in DNA computing are also provided in this edited book.

  • CO2-philic Polymers, Nanocomposites and Solvents

    Capture, Conversion and Industrial Products
    • 1st Edition
    • Ashok Kumar Nadda + 2 more
    • English
    CO2-philic Polymers, Nanocomposites and Chemical Solvents: Capture, Conversion and Industrial Products is a multidisciplinary book that provides a compilation of concrete information on various polymers, porous materials hydrogels, membranes, nanoparticles, biochar metal-organic frameworks, bioinspired surfaces, polysaccharides, organic solvents, chemicals, eutectic solvents, amine-based chemical compounds, porphyrins, ionic liquids, ceramics and cutting-edge technologies for CO2 sequestration and conversion. Each chapter covers the latest developments and methods of synthesis and applications in the area. The book discusses, in detail, valuable commercial products from CO2, such as ethanol, methanol, formic acid, and precursors of other fine chemicals. The book covers the scientific, technological and practical concepts concerning the research, development and realization of CO2-philic polymers, nanocomposites and chemical solvents. This makes it a valuable resource for academic researchers and graduate students in chemical engineering, materials science and chemical engineers/engineers working in the industry.

  • The Science and Technology of Cement and other Hydraulic Binders

    • 1st Edition
    • Vipin Kant Singh
    • English
    The Science and Technology of Cement and other Hydraulic Binders covers the design of Portland Cement composition using the ideas and formulae of earlier scientists, including the calculation of proportions of different cement phases formed during processing. Other chapters cover cement manufacture by dry, semi-dry or wet processes using rotary and shaft kilns. Particular attention is given to the physical changes that occur in the raw mix when affected by chemical processes. The chemistry of clinker formation which is concerned chiefly with high temperature reactions in the solid-state phase or reactions in the presence of the liquid phase is also discussed. Users will find the latest information on the storage of cement, its packing and handling, hydration and setting, Gypsum, different mineral additions, and advances in special and newer cements, including blended cements, Portland slag cement, Pozzolanic cements, high alumina cements, high-strength cement-based materials, fiber-reinforced cement, non-Portland cements and lime.

  • Circularity of Plastics

    Sustainability, Emerging Materials, and Valorization of Waste Plastic
    • 1st Edition
    • Zibiao Li + 2 more
    • English
    Circularity of Plastics: Sustainability, Emerging Materials, and Valorization of Waste Plastic takes an innovative, interdisciplinary approach to circularity and sustainability in plastics, with an emphasis on plastic waste and end-of-life treatment and options for recycling, re-use, valorization and development of biomass-based polymers. The book introduces key concepts of sustainable materials, the circular economy, and lifecycle assessment, and discusses challenges in the valorization of waste. Other sections cover the upcycling of waste plastic into new materials and fuels, with dedicated chapters exploring state-of-the-art techniques for conversion to new sustainable polymers, fuel, fine chemicals and carbon nanomaterials. Emerging technologies used to produce functional polymers from renewable feedstocks, including CO2, biomass, natural polymers, polylactic acid (PLA), and polyhydroxyalkanoate... materials (PHAs) are then explored, with a final chapter focusing on applications of sustainable materials, challenges, and future perspectives. This is a valuable resource for researchers, scientists, engineers, R&D professionals, and advanced students from a range of disciplines and backgrounds, with an interest in sustainable materials, circularity in plastics, and polymer waste and valorization.

  • New and Future Developments in Microbial Biotechnology and Bioengineering

    Trichoderma for Biotechnological Applications: Current Insight and Future Prospects
    • 1st Edition
    • Shalini Rai + 1 more
    • English
    New and Future Developments in Microbial Biotechnology and Bioengineering: Trichoderma for Biotechnological Applications: Current Insights and Future Prospects includes the most recent advances in Trichoderma based research. The book emphasizes the use of modern biotechnological and molecular tools such as the identification of Trichoderma, the development of diagnostic markers, and genome mapping and next generation sequencing based approaches. Chapters discuss a variety of applications and illustrations, including the biology and biodiversity of Trichoderma, biotic and abiotic stresses, plant health, disease management, crop improvement, industrial and commercial products, and more. The book includes various applications, making it useful for biotechnologists, biochemical engineers, biochemists, plant breeders, soil microbiologist, agronomists and researchers interested in sustainable agriculture practices.

  • Valorization of Biomass to Bioproducts

    Organic Acids and Biofuels
    • 1st Edition
    • Vijai Kumar Gupta + 4 more
    • English
    Valorization of Biomass to Bioproducts: Organic Acids and Biofuels focuses on recent technological developments and related challenges surrounding the bioprocessing of biomass for important organic acids and biofuels (waste to energy) for industrial applications. Chapters present information on biomass as a source for fermentation to produce important organic acids and next generation biofuels. Additionally, the book includes chapters on the role of synthetic/systems biology and metabolic engineering in producing these valuable biomolecules of industrial interest.

  • Numerical Control: Part B

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 24
    • Emmanuel Trélat + 1 more
    • English
    Numerical Control: Part B, Volume 24 in the Handbook of Numerical Analysis series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters written by an international board of authors. Chapters in this volume include Control problems in the coefficients and the domain for linear elliptic equations, Computational approaches for extremal geometric eigenvalue problems, Non-overlapping domain decomposition in space and time for PDE-constrained optimal control problems on networks, Feedback Control of Time-dependent Nonlinear PDEs with Applications in Fluid Dynamics, Stabilization of the Navier-Stokes equations - Theoretical and numerical aspects, Reconstruction algorithms based on Carleman estimates, and more. Other sections cover Discrete time formulations as time discretization strategies in data assimilation, Back and forth iterations/Time reversal methods, Unbalanced Optimal Transport: from Theory to Numerics, An ADMM Approach to the Exact and Approximate Controllability of Parabolic Equations, Nonlocal balance laws -- an overview over recent results, Numerics and control of conservation laws, Numerical approaches for simulation and control of superconducting quantum circuits, and much more.

  • Corrosion of Steel in Concrete Structures

    • 2nd Edition
    • Amir Poursaee
    • English
    Essential reading for researchers, practitioners, and engineers, this book covers not only all the important aspects in the field of corrosion of steel reinforced concrete but also discusses new topics and future trends. Theoretical concepts of corrosion of steel in concrete structures, the variety of reinforcing materials and concrete, including stainless steel and galvanized steel, measurements and evaluations, such as electrochemical techniques and acoustic emission, protection and maintenance methods, and modelling, latest developments, and future trends in the field are discussed.

  • Explainable Deep Learning AI

    Methods and Challenges
    • 1st Edition
    • Jenny Benois-Pineau + 3 more
    • English
    Explainable Deep Learning AI: Methods and Challenges presents the latest works of leading researchers in the XAI area, offering an overview of the XAI area, along with several novel technical methods and applications that address explainability challenges for deep learning AI systems. The book overviews XAI and then covers a number of specific technical works and approaches for deep learning, ranging from general XAI methods to specific XAI applications, and finally, with user-oriented evaluation approaches. It also explores the main categories of explainable AI – deep learning, which become the necessary condition in various applications of artificial intelligence. The groups of methods such as back-propagation and perturbation-based methods are explained, and the application to various kinds of data classification are presented.

  • Mathematics for Physical Chemistry

    • 5th Edition
    • Robert G. Mortimer + 1 more
    • English
    Mathematics for Physical Chemistry, Fifth Edition includes exercises that enable readers to test their understanding and put theory into practice. Chapters are constructed around a sequence of mathematical topics, progressing gradually into more advanced material, before discussing key mathematical skills, including the analysis of experimental data and—new to this edition—complex variables. Includes additional new content on Mathematica and its advanced applications. Drawing on the experience of its expert authors, this book is the ideal supplementary text for practicing chemists and students wanting to sharpen their mathematics skills and understanding of key mathematical concepts for applications across physical chemistry.

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