The Determination of Hydrazino-Hydrazide Groups

Preface

General Introduction

Chapter 1 Oxidation Methods

1. Use of Bromate

(a) Hydrazine

(b) Phenylhydrazine and Semicarbazide

2. Use of Bromine

(a) Hydrazine

3. Use of JV-Bromosuccinimide

(a) Hydrazine

(b) Phenylhydrazine

(c) Phenylhydrazine-p-Sulfonic Acid

(d) Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide

4. Use of Ceric Sulfate

(a) Hydrazine

5. Use of Ceric Sulfate-Iodine Monochloride

(a) Hydrazine, Semicarbazide, Phenylhydrazine, 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine, Monomethylhydrazine, and 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine

6. Use of Diethylenetetraammonium Ceric Sulfate

(a) Hydrazine

7. Use of Chloramine-T

(a) Hydrazine

8. Use of Chloramine-T-Iodine Monochloride

(a) Hydrazine

9. Use of Chloramine-B

(a) Hydrazine

10. Use of Chloramine-B-Iodine Monochloride

(a) Hydrazine

11. Use of Copper Oxide

(a) Hydrazine

(b) Phenylhydrazine

12. Use of Copper Oxide-Fehling's Solution

(a) Hydrazine

(b) Phenylhydrazine

13. Use of Copper Sulfate

(a) Hydrazine

14. Use of Dichromate

(a) Hydrazine

15. Use of Potassium Ferricyanide-Ascorbic Acid

(a) Hydrazine

16. Use of Ferricyanide-Ceric Sulfate

(a) Hydrazine

17. Use of Ferricyanide-Zine Sulfate

(a) Hydrazine

18. Use of Hypochlorous Acid

(a) Hydrazine

19. Use of Hypochlorite

(a) Semicarbazides and Semicarbazones

20. Use of Iodic Acid

(a) Hydrazine

21. Use of Iodine

(a) 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine (UDMH)

(b) Disubstituted Hydrazines

(c) Hydrazine

(d) Phenylhydrazine

(e) Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide

(f) Semicarbazide

(g) Diaminodimethylguanidinium Nitrate

22. Useoflodate

(a) 1,1 -Dimethylhydrazine

(b) 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine

(c) Phenylhydrazine and Semicarbazide

(d) Di- and Triaminoguanidine and Carbohydrazide

(e) Hydrazine

(f) Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide

(g) Monomethylhydrazine

(h) Semicarbazides, Semicarbazones, and Hydrazines

(i) Monosubstituted Hydrazines, Their Hydrazones, and Acyl Derivatives

23. Use of Periodate

(a) Hydrazine

(b) Phenylhydrazine, Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide, Semicarbazide, and Thiosemicarbazide

24. Use of Periodate-Iodine Bromide

(a) Hydrazine and Phenylhydrazine

25. Use of Periodate-Iodine Cyanide

(a) Hydrazine

26. Use of Permanganate

(a) Hydrazine

27. Use of Selenious Acid

28. Use of Thallium

(a) Hydrazine

29. Use of Vanadic Acid

References

Chapter 2 Gasometric Methods

1. Use of Bromate

(a) Semicarbazide

(b) Oxalylhydrazide, Thiosemicarbazide, Aminoguanidine, Semicarbazide, and Semioxamazide

2. Use of Bromine-Hypobromite

(a) Semicarbazide, Semioxamazide and Oxalylhydrazide

3. Use of Cupric—Fehling's Solution

(a) Hydrazine

4. Use of Cupric Sulfate

(a) Hydrazine Derivatives

5. Use of Ferricyanide

(a) Hydrazine

6. Use of Iodate

(a) Semicarbazide

(b) Semicarbazide, Semioxamazide, Oxalylhydrazide, and Aminoguanidine

(c) Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide

(d) Hydrazino Nitrogen in Biological Materials

(e) Hydrazine, Hydrazine Derivatives, and Hydrazides

(f) Hydrazino-Boron Compounds

7. Use of Lead Oxide

(a) Hydrazine, Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide, and Benzoylhydrazide

8. Use of Mercuric Chloride

(a) Hydrazine

References

Chapter 3 Colorimetric and Spectrophoto Metric Methods

1. Determination of Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide (INH)

(a) In Tablets

(b) In the Presence of ^-Aminosalicylate

(c) In Serum, Blood, or Urine

(d) In Blood and Urine

(e) In the Presence of ^-Aminosalicylic Acid

(f) In the Presence of Acetyl Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide

2. Determination of Maleic Hydrazide

(a) In Plant and Animal Tissue

3. Determination of Hydrazine

(a) In Biological Materials

(b) In Urine

4. Determination of Hydrazine and Benzylhydrazine

(a) In Organs and Urine

5. Determination of 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine (UDMH)

(a) In Urine

(b) In Blood, Water, and Air

6. Determination of Monomethylhydrazine

(a) In Blood Serum

References

Chapter 4 Chromatographic Methods

1. Ion Exchange Chromatography

(a) Acetylated Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide

2. Paper Chromatography

(a) Hydrazides

(b) Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide

(c) INH in Blood

(d) INH in Isolation from Biological Materials

3. Thin Layer Chromatography

(a) Hydrazides

References

Chapter 5 Coulometric Methods

1. Determination of Hydrazine and Substituted Hydrazines

(a) Hydrazides

(b) Hydrazine

(c) 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine

References

Chapter 6 Polarographic Methods

1. Determination of Hydrazine, Phenylhydrazine, and Semicarbazide

2. Determination of Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide

3. Determination of p,p-Oxybis (Benzenesulfonyl) Hydrazide

References

Chapter 7 Acid-Base Methods

1. Aqueous Methods

(a) Hydrazine

2. Non-aqueous Methods

(a) Nitroguanidines

(b) Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide

(c) Primary Hydrazides

References

Chapter 8 The Analysis of Mixtures

1. Hydrazine-l,l-Dimethylhydrazine Mixtures

(a) Acid-Base—Oxidation Method

(b) Acid-Base—Salicylaldehyde Method

(c) Chromatographic Methods

(d) Gravimetric Oxidation Method

(e) Potentiometric-Spectrophotometric Acid-Base Method

(f) Spectrophotometric Method

2. Hydrazine-Monomethylhydrazine Mixtures

(a) Acid Base-Salicylaldehyde Methods

(b) Chromatographic Methods

(c) Oxidation (Differential) Method

3. Hydrazine-l,l-Dimethylhydrazine and Monomethylhydrazine- 1,1 -Dimethylhydrazine Mixtures

(a) Acid-Base-Acetic Anhydride Methods

4. Hydrazine-Monomethylhydrazine-1,1 -Dimethylhydrazine Mixtures

(a) Chromatographic Method

5. Hydrazine-Aniline Mixtures

(a) Acid-Base (Differential) Method

6. Hydrazine-Ammonia Mixtures

(a) Oxidation Methods

(b) Oxidation-Kjeldahl Method

(c) Thermogravimetric Method

7. Hydrazine-Ammonia-Hydrogen-Nitrogen-Argon Mixtures

(a) Mass Spectrometric Method

8. Hydrazine-Hydroxylamine Mixtures

(a) Bromate Oxidation Method

(b) Chronopotentiometric Method

(c) Potentiometric Oxidation Method

(d) Zinc Sulfate Oxidation—Ferricyanide Method

9. Hydrazine-Ammonium Hydroxide—Hydroxylamine Mixtures

(a) Mass Spectrometric Method

10. Hydrazine-Hydrazine Nitrate Mixtures

(a) Acid-Base Method

11. Determination of Diethylenetriamine (DETA) with either Hydrazine, Monomethylhydrazine, or 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine

(a) Acid-Base-Salicylaldehyde Method

12. Determination of Hydrazine-l,l-Dimethylhydrazine-Diethylenetriamine

(a) Acid-base (Two Titrants)-Salicylaldehyde Method

13. Determination of Hydrazine-Ammonium Thiocyanate Mixtures

(a) Iodate Oxidation—Volhard Method

References

Chapter 9 Other Qualitative and Quantitative Tests

1. Spot Tests

(a) Hydrazine and Hydrazine-Hydroxylamine

(b) Nitrophenylhydrazine, 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine, and Nitrophenylhydrazine Derivatives

(c) Semicarbazides, Thiosemicarbazide, and Nitrophenylhydrazine

2. Microbiological Tests

(a) Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide

3. Field Tests

(a) 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine in JP-4

(b) Hydrazine

References

Chapter 10 the Use of Hydrazines as Analytical Reagents

1. Use of 1,1 -Dimethylhydrazine

(a) Determination of Aldehydes

2. Use of 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine

(a) Determination of Carbonyl Compounds

3. Use of 1,5-Diphenylcarbazide

(a) Determination of Chromium

(b) Determination of Technetium

4. Use of Hydrazine

(a) Determination of Alkali

(b) Determination of Bromate

(c) Determination of Iodide

(d) Determination of Mercuric Salts

(e) Determination of Iodates

(f) Determination of Selenium Dioxide

(g) Determination of Levulinic Acid

5. Use of 2-Hydrazinobenzothiazole

(a) Determination of Aliphatic Aldehydes

6. Use of Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide

7. Use of Oxalyldihydrazide

(a) Determination of Copper

8. Use of Phenylhydrazine

(a) Determination of Carbonyl Compounds

(b) Determination of Molybdenum

9. Use of Salicyloylhydrazide

(a) Determination of Hydrazones

(b) Determination of Palladium

10. Use of Semicarbazide

(a) Determination of Carbonyl Compounds

References

Author Index

Subject Index

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