Water Pollution Research and Control Brighton

Part 1

Editorial

Activated Sludge

Practical Performance of Various Systems for Small-Scale Waste Water Treatment During a Two-Year Field Test

Dimensioning of Aerated Grit Chambers and Use as a Highly Loaded Activated Sludge Process

Post Treatment of Anaerobic Effluent Using Sequencing Batch Reactors

Incidence of Sphaerotilus Natans in Laboratory Scale Activated Sludge Systems (Discussed in Part 5)

Direct Solid-Liquid Separation Using Hollow Fiber Membrane in an Activated Sludge Aeration Tank

Anaerobic Treatment

Methanogenic Degradation of Phenol and Benzoate in Acclimated Sludges

Cyanide Transformation in Anaerobic Phenol-Degrading Methanogenic Cultures

Anaerobic Fixed Bed Reactor with Porous Ceramic Carrier

Vacuum Operation for Overloaded Anaerobic Treatment Systems

Effects of Thermal Pretreatment of Sewage Sludge on Anaerobic Digestion (Discussed in Part 5)

Granular Sludge Formation in the Anaerobic Expanded Micro-Carrier Bed Process

Sludge Character and Role of Sulphate in a UASB System Treating a Paper Plant Effluent

Treatment of Landfill Leachate with an Upflow Anaerobic Reactor Combining a Sludge Bed and a Filter (Discussed in Part 5)

Characterization, Digestibility and Anaerobic Treatment of Leachates from Old and Young Landfills

Influence of Seeding Conditions on Initial Biofilm Development During the Start-Up of Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Reactors (Discussed in Part 5)

Operational Control of an Anaerobic GAC Reactor Treating Hazardous Wastes (Discussed in Part 5)

A Kinetic Study on the Methanogenesis Process in Anaerobic Digestion

Patterns of Hydrogen in Biogas from the Anaerobic Digestion of Milk-Sugars (Discussed in Part 5)

Industrial Wastewater Treatment

Full-Scale Studies with an Anaerobic/Aerobic RBC Unit Treating Brewery Wastewater

Rapid Biological Clean-Up of Soils Contaminated with Lubricating Oil (Discussed in Part 5)

Fungal Purification of an Industrial Effluent Containing Volatile Fatty Acids by Means of a Crossflow-Microscreen Technique

Seasonal and In-Mill Aspects of Organic Halide Removal by an Aerated Stabilization Basin Treating a Kraft Mill Wastewater (Discussed in Part 5)

Kraft Lignin Behaviour in Diffused Aeration of Kraft Effluents

Wastewater Management in the Automobile Industry (Discussed in Part 5)

Biological Removal of Sulphate from Industrial Effluents and Concomitant Production of Sulphur (Discussed in Part 5)

An Eerobic Piggery Slurry Treatment System with Integrated Heat Recovery and High-Rate Algal Ponds (Discussed in Part 5)

Wet Air Oxidation of Toxic Industrial Effluents (See Corrigenda)

Activated Sludge Treatment of Coalgasification Effluent in a Petrochemical Plant — II. Metal Accumulation by Heterotrophic Bacteria

Activated Sludge Models

Modelling of Nitrification at the Mogden Treatment Works (Discussed in Part 5)

Behaviour and Modelling of NTA Degradation in Activated Sludge Systems (Discussed in Part 5)

Precipitation of Ferric Phosphate in Activated Sludge: A Chemical Model and its Verification (Discussed in Part 5)

The Concept of Soluble Residual Product Formation in the Modelling of Activated Sludge (Discussed in Part 5)

Dynamic Modelling of Trace Contaminant Removal in a Municipal Sewage Treatment Plant (Discussed in Part 5)

Biological Phosphorus Removal

Metabolism of Carboxylic Acids Located in and Around the Glycolytic Pathway and the TCA cycle in the Biological Phosphorus Removal Process

The Role of Acetate in Denitrification and Biological Phosphate Removal in Modified Bardenpho Systems (Discussed in Part 5)

Carbon Flow Patterns in Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Accumulating Activated Sludge Cultures (Discussed in Part 5)

The Isolation and Characterization of Volutin Granules as Subcellular Components Involved in Biological Phosphorus Removal (Discussed in Part 5)

Part 2

Reuse of Water

An Update on Wastewater Reclamation Research and Development in Los Angeles County

Wastewater Reuse in Landscape and Agricultural Development in Doha, Qatar (Discussed in Part 5)

Effects on Soil and Crops of Irrigation with Primary and Secondary Effluents

Physical-Chemical Treatment Processes

Particle Destabilization in Turbulent Pipe Flow (See Corrigenda)

Theoretical Principles of Streaming Current Detection

Removal of Phenols from Water by a Photocatalytic Oxidation Process

Evaluation of Kinetic Parameters for the Ozonation of Organic Micropollutants

Treatment of Toxic or Refractory Wastewaters with Hydrogen Peroxide

Attrition Propensity of Activated Carbon in Relation to Particle Shape and Surface Texture (Discussed in Part 5)

Estimating Adsorption Equilibria of Phenolics on Synthetic Resins from the Polar and Nonpolar Properties of the Molecule (Discussed in Part 5)

A New Technology for Water Treatment and Reuse

Coagulation of Submicron Colloids by Supramicron Silica Particles (Discussed in Part 5)

Development of a System for Evaluating Floe Strength

Application of Pipe Flocculator and Cross-Flow Tilted Plate Settler for Effective Separation of Precipitate from Electroplating Wastewater (Discussed in Part 5)

Destruction of Iron-Complexed Cyanide by Alkaline Hydrolysis (Discussed in Part 5)

Microbiology

Microbiological Quality Control in the Provision of Safe Drinking Water (Discussed in Part 5)

Generalised Model of the Effect of Different Control Measures in Reducing Health Risks from Waste Reuse (Discussed in Part 5)

The Relationship Between Water-Related Disease and Water Quality With Particular Reference to Urban Water Supply in a Developing Country

Kinetics

A Technique to Determine Unsteady-State Inhibition Kinetics in the Activated Sludge Process (Discussed in Part 5)

The Influence of Raw Wastewater Biomass on Activated Sludge Oxygen Respiration Rates and Denitrification Rates

The Use of Anoxic Selectors for the Control of Low F/M Activated Sludge Bulking

Primary Treatment

Simulation of the Sludge Blanket of a Vertical Clarifier in an Activated Sludge Process (Discussed in Part 5)

Intensive Primary Flocculation-Sedimentation of Urban Wastewater (Discussed in Part 5)

Lagoons

Effect of Wastes Quality on Treatment Efficiency with Duckweed

Biokinetic Parameters of a Photosynthetic Waste Stabilization Process (Discussed in Part 5)

Combined Artificial Wetland and High Rate Algal Pond for Wastewater Reatment and Protein Production

The Clogging of Sewage Lagoon Aerators

Research Applications

Research Applications in the Field of Wastewater Treatment Technology in Japan (Discussed in Part 5)

Municipal Wastewater Treatment Technology Transfer Activities of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (Discussed in Part 5)

Application of Preliminary Denitrification to Aerated Sludge Treatment (Discussed in Part 5)

Research Applications (Discussed in Part 5)

Control of Activated Sludge Bulking: From the Lab to the Plant (Discussed in Part 5)

Part 3

Collection and Transport Systems

Two dimensional Numerical Modeling of Hydrodynamics and Pollutant Transport in a Wet Detention Pond

Flow Over Side Weirs in Rectangular and Circular Channels (Discussed in Part 5)

Hydraulic Performance and Control of Pollutants Discharged from a Combined Sewer Storage Overflow

Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Sulfide Generation in Sewerage Systems

Urban Stormwater Reduction and Quality Improvement Through the Use of Permeable Pavements

Biofilms

Substrate Affinity of Oligotrophic Bacteria in Biofilm Reactors

Modelling of the Simultaneous Removal of Organic Substances and Nitrogen in a Biofilm (Discussed in Part 5)

Biofilm Structure — An Important and Neglected Parameter in Wastewater Treatment (Discussed in Part 5)

Fate and Hazards of Chemicals

Environmental Hazard of Eight Chemicals Present in the Rhine River (Discussed in Part 5)

A Computerized Degree of Hazard Assessment for Evaluation of Wastes: An Innovative Aid to Management of Residuals

Chemical Controls on the Fate of Mercury and Lead Codisposed with Municipal Solid Waste

Experimental Studies on Biological and Chemical Oxidation of Dispersed Oil in Seawater (Discussed in Part 5)

The Degradation of Polyelectrolytes in the Environment: Insights Provided by Size Exclusion Chromatography Measurements (Discussed in Part 5)

Hazard Assessment of Wastewater Discharges — A Confluence of Biological and Physical Parameters (Discussed in Part 5)

The Bacillus Subtilisl Microsome Rec-Assay for the Detection of DNA Damaging Substances which may Occur in Chlorinated and Ozonated Waters

Sludge Treatment

Evaluation of Composted Sewage Sludge/Straw Mixture for Horticultural Utilization

Polymer Characteristics and Attachment Sites in the Sludge Matrix

Effects of Various Sewage Sludge Treatment Processes on the Survival of Potato Cyst-Nematodes (Globodera spp.) and the Implications for Disposal Sludge Liquefaction by Conversion to Fuels (Discussed in Part 5)

Sewage Sludge Melting Process by Coke-Bed Furnace: System Development and Application (Discussed in Part 5)

Oxygen and Oxygen Consumption

The Application of Robotics in the Water Industry and the Development of a BOD Robot

Relation Between Redox Potential and Oxygen Levels in Activated-Sludge Reactors (Discussed in Part 5; see Corrigenda)

Determination of Biodegradation Kinetics Through Use of Electrolytic Respirometry (Discussed in Part 5)

Dispersion in Receiving Waters

Dilution and Transport Predictions for Ocean Outfalls (Discussed in Part 5)

A Unified Method of Estimating Longitudinal Dispersion in Estuaries (Discussed in Part 5)

Planning, Modelling and Management of Environmental Quality

An Optimization Study of the Planning of Water Pollution Control of Majiagou Stream in Harbin, China (Discussed in Part 5)

Numerical Simulation Model for Prediction of BOD Removal Rate in Streams

River Quality Models for Consent Setting in England and Wales (Discussed in Part 5)

The Development of Operator Training in the Republic of South Africa (Discussed in Part 5)

Realising the Value of Research (Discussed in Part 5)

Application of Expert Systems Technology in Water Quality Modeling

Heuristic Algorithms for Waste Load Allocation in a River Basin

An Approach to the Derivation of Quality Standards for Farm Pollution and Storm Sewage Discharges (Discussed in Part 5)

Practical Odour Nuisance Gauging: Two Case Studies of Objective Odour Quantification in Agriculture and Industry (Discussed in Part 5)

Part 4

U.K. State-of-the-Art

Measuring the Biological Effects of pollution: The Mussel Watch Approach

UK State-of-the-Art—Sewerage Rehabilitation (Discussed in Part 5)

Sewage Sludge Disposal: Current and Future Options (Discussed in Part 5)

An Overview of the Trends and Future Direction of Information Technology in the Water Industry (Discussed in Part 5)

Water Quality Indices for the Management of Surface Water Quality (Discussed in Part 5)

The Application of a Water Quality Index to River Management (Discussed in Part 5)

Instrumentation, Control and Automation

System Identification and Control of the Activated Sludge Process by Use of a Statistical Model (Discussed in Part 5)

Control Objectives and the Modelling of MLSS in Oxidation Ditches (Discussed in Part 5)

Simultaneous DO Control and Respiration Estimation

Dissolved Oxygen Control and Oxygen Utilization Rate Estimation: Extension of the Holmberg/Olsson Method

Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP) Regulation as a Way to Optimize Aeration and C, N and P Removal: Experimental Basis and Various Full-Scale Examples (Discussed in Part 5)

Process Improvement by Computer-Aided Load Smoothing in Activated Sludge Treatment

The Application of ICA in Sewage Treatment—Witney Evaluation and Demonstration Facility (EDF) (Discussed in Part 5)

A Comparison of Several Control Algorithms for Activated Sludge Waste Rate

Design of Accidental Pollution Alarm Systems

Automation of Batch Wastewater Treatment Systems Using Programmable Logic Controllers

The Application of Information Systems and Telemetry to Operational Management in Anglian Water (Discussed in Part 5)

Oxygen Transfer Efficiency Measurements Using Off-Gas Techniques (Discussed in Part 5)

Instrument Triplication in Sewage Treatment

Control of Polymer Addition for Sludge Conditioning: A Demonstration Study

Automation and Optimisation of Centrifuge Sludge Dewatering (Discussed in Part 5)

ICA—Evolution is Better than Revolution

Measurements, Data Analysis and Control Methods in Wastewater Treatment Plants—State of the Art and Future Trends

Large Wastewater Treatment Plants

Sludge Reaeration in Two-Step Nitrification

Operation of the Soreq Wastewater Treatment Plant with a Single-Stage Nitrification-Denitrification Activated Sludge System

Full-Scale Experiences with Biological Phosphorus Removal at the Wastewater Treatment Plants of West Berlin

A Critical Look into the Deviation of Full Scale Performance from Design Expectations (Discussed in Part 5)

Optimisation of Aeration Efficiency: A Design Procedure for Secondary Treatment Using a Hybrid Aeration System (Discussed in Part 5)

Experiences in Field Testing a Variety of Aeration Equipment in Sweden and in the U.S.A. by Offgas Analysis (Discussed in Part 5)

Sewage Sludge Disposal in Southern California, U.S.A. (Discussed in Part 5)

Recent Advances in Mechanical Dewatering of Digested Sludge (Discussed in Part 5)

Full Scale Experience with Sludge Treatment at the Vienna Sewage Works (Discussed in Part 5)

System Design and Full-Scale Plant Study on a Drying-Incineration System for Sewage Sludge (Discussed in Part 5)

Conversion of Sludge to Oil: A Novel Approach to Sludge Management (Discussed in Part 5)

Operational Aspects of Doha South Sewage Treatment Works (Discussed in Part 5)

River Basin Management

The Mersey Basin Campaign—The Technical Challenge

River Basin Management—A Water Company Perspective

River Basin Management in Scotland (Discussed in Part 5)

River Basin Management in Northern Ireland

U.K. State-of-the-Art

Marine Treatment

The Government's Proposals for the Restructuring and Privatisation of the Water Authorities in England and Wales (Discussed in Part 5)

Part 5

Corrigenda

Discussion and Replies

Posters

Activated Sludge Systems

Floc Formation of Activated Sludge Bacteria

Influence of Contact Loading on Polysaccharide Storage and Settleability of Activated Sludge

Fixed Biomass Carriers in Activated Sludge Plants

Application of Microscopic Examination of Activated Sludge to Operational Control

Sequencing Batch Reactor Activated Sludge Processes for the Treatment of Municipal Landfill Leachate: Removal of Nitrogen and Refractory Organic Compounds

Biophysical Treatment Facility for Hazardous Waste Landfill Leachates

Ponds/Vegetation

Computer Modelling of Algal Waste Treatment Systems

Lead Removal from Contaminated Water by a Mixed Microbial Ecosystem

Sewage Treatment in Constructed Reed Beds—Danish Experiences

Crop Production and Sewage Treatment Using Gravel Bed Hydroponic Irrigation

Anaerobic Treatment

Effect of C/N/P Ratio on the Performance of a Downflow Stationary Fixed Film Reactor (DSFFR) Working at Low Organic Loading Rates

Performances of Charcoal Chip and Sand Packed Anaerobic Reactors

Anaerobic Fluidized-Bed Treatment of Brewery Wastes and Bioenergy Recovery

Decomposition of Pentachlorophenol by Anaerobic Digestion

The Role of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in the Establishment of the Methanogenic Phase of Refuse Stabilization

Activated Carbon

Dynamics of Protons in Activated Carbon: 1H NMR Studies

Evaluation of Chemical and Thermal Regeneration of Activated Carbon

Use of Coconut Shell-Based Activated Carbon for Chromium (VI) Removal

The Removal of Cadmium from Water by the Use of Biological Sorbents

An Assessment of Activated Sludge Systems Practicing Activated Carbon Addition with Wet Air Regeneration

Nutrient Removal

Manganese: A Necessary Micronutrient to Enhance Biological Phosphorus Removal?

Kinetics of Phosphorus Release and Uptake by Micro-Organisms Under Cyclic Anaerobic/Aerobic Conditions—Experimental Study

Fractionation of Bioaccumulated Phosphorus Compounds in Activated Sludge

Bio-Denitro and Bio-Denipho Systems—Experiences and Advanced Model Development: The Danish Systems for Biological N and P Removal

Biological Nutrient Removal with Sludge Bulking Control in a Batch Activated Sludge System

Ozonation/Odour Control/Disinfection

The Efficacy and Mechanism of Removal of Organic Substances from Water by Ozone and Activated Carbon

Odor Characterization and Control in a Chemical Wastewater Equalization Basin

Predation and Deodorization of Musty Odor-Producing Filamentous Algae by the Protozoa Trithigmostoma Cucullulus

Activity of Peracetic Acid Against Sewage Indicator Organisms

Aerobic Biofilms/Bioadsorption

Biodegradation and Removal of Phenols in Rotating Biological Contactors

Advanced Wastewater Treatment Using an Immobilized Micro-Organism/Biofilm Two-Step Process

Cadmium Decontamination of Liquid Streams by Arthrobacter Species

Sedimentation/Sludge

Detention Time Distribution of Sludge in Rectangular Secondary Settlers

Thickening of Sludges by Dissolved Air Flotation

Mogden Digested Sludge—Approaches to Improving Dewaterability

Characteristics of Dewatered Sludge Cake

Stormwater Overflows

Processing of Storm-Water Run-Off—French Experiments

Monitoring Effects of a Storm Sewer Overflow Upon the Nant Ffrwd, South Wales

Rainfall Time Series for Storm Overflow Assessment

SPRAT—a Simple River Quality Impact Model for Intermittent Discharges

Modelling of Pollution Loads from Combined Sewer Systems to Receiving Waters

Management/Systems Analysis/Modelling

Review on the Design and Construction of a Large Wastewater Treatment Plant

Water Consumption Patterns Among Individuals in Cape Town

Expert System as a Top Level Controller for Activated Sludge Process

Probabilistic Reliability Analysis for Biological Wastewater Treatment Plants

The Development of an Operational Two-Dimensional Water Quality Model for Lake Marken, the Netherlands

Development of Dialog System Model for Eutrophication Control Between Discharging River Basin and Receiving Water Body—Case Study of Lake Sagami (Japan)

Industrial Wastewater Treatment

Biological Treatment of Papermill Wastewater in an Activated Sludge Cascade Reactor

The Use of Cultured Bacteria in a Full Scale Biological System Treating Coke Plant Wastewater

Determination of Cellosolve and Chlorex Concentrations Inhibitory to Industrial Waste Stabilization Pond Treatment Efficiencies

Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether and 2-ethoxyethanol Treatability and Toxicity in Lab Scale Waste Stabilization Ponds

Removal of the Groundwater Pollution Below an Abandoned Waste Oil Refinery

The Treatment of Wastewaters from Sugar Cane Alcohol Production with Modified Bentonites

Investigation of an Innovative Technology for Oil-Field Brine Treatment

Production of Protein for Animal Feed Stuff Using Organic Wastewaters from Wine Distilleries

Anaerobic Treatment of Cheese Whey: Start-Up and Operation

Anaerobic/Aerobic Treatment of Piggery and Cheese-Dairy Wastewater—a Case Study

A computer Program for Farm Waste Management

Pollutants: Behaviour/Effects/Measurement

Self-Purification Processes Along a Polluted River in Greece

The Influence of pH, Ionic Strength and Chloride Concentration on the Adsorption of Cadmium by a Sediment

Outflows of Organic Halide Precursors from Forest Regions

Geochemical and Water Flow Features in a Semienclosed Embayment of the Western Aegean Sea (Pagassitikos Gulf, Greece) and Physical Oceanographie and Geochemical Conditions in Thermaikos Bay (Northwestern Aegean, Greece)

Effect of Organochlorine Compounds on Existence and Growth of Soil Organisms

Reservoir Sediments as Potential Source of Heavy Metals in Drinking Water (Sardinia, Italy)

Mutagenic Activity of Organic Concentrates from Municipal River Water and Sewage Effluent after Chlorination or Ozonation

Eutrophication in the Netherlands

Rapid Pollution Assessment in Tidal Waters

Determination of volatilization Coefficients of Trihalomethanes from Waters

The Amount of Heavy Metals Derived from Domestic Wastewater

Fate of Metals Linked with Sewage Sludges or Municipal Refuses Used as Improvements in Market Gardening

Subject Index