Working Guide to Reservoir Rock Properties and Fluid Flow

1 Fundamentals of Reservoir Fluid BehaviorSection 1.1 Classification of Reservoirs and Reservoir FluidsPressure-Temperature DiagramOil ReservoirsGas ReservoirsUndefined Petroleum FractionsSection 1.2 ProblemsSection 1.3 References2 Fundamentals of Rock PropertiesSection 2.1 PorosityAbsolute PorosityEffective PorositySection 2.2 SaturationAverage SaturationSection 2.3 WettabilitySection 2.4 Surface and Interfacial TensionSection 2.5 Capillary PressureCapillary Pressure of Reservoir RocksCapillary HysteresisInitial Saturation Distribution in a ReservoirLeverett J-FunctionConverting Laboratory Capillary Pressure DataSection 2.6 PermeabilityThe Klinkenberg EffectAveraging Absolute PermeabilitiesAbsolute Permeability CorrelationsSection 2.7 Rock CompressibilitySection 2.8 Net Pay ThicknessSection 2.9 Reservoir HeterogeneityVertical HeterogeneitySection 2.10 Areal HeterogeneitySection 2.11 ProblemsSection 2.12 References3 Fundamentals of Reservoir Fluid FlowSection 3.1 Types of FluidsIncompressible FluidsSlightly Compressible FluidsCompressible FluidsSection 3.2 Flow RegimesSteady-State FlowUnsteady-State FlowPseudosteady-State FlowSection 3.3 Reservoir GeometryRadial FlowLinear FlowSpherical and Hemispherical FlowSection 3.4 Number of Flowing Fluids in the ReservoirSection 3.5 Fluid Flow EquationsDarcy’s LawSection 3.6 Steady-State FlowLinear Flow of Incompressible FluidsLinear Flow of Slightly Compressible FluidsLinear Flow of Compressible Fluids (Gases)Radial Flow of Incompressible FluidsRadial Flow of Slightly Compressible FluidsRadial Flow of Compressible GasesHorizontal Multiple-Phase FlowSection 3.7 Unsteady-State FlowBasic Transient Flow EquationRadial Flow of Slightly Compressible FluidsSection 3.8 Constant-Terminal-Pressure SolutionSection 3.9 Constant-Terminal-Rate SolutionThe Ei-Function SolutionThe Dimensionless Pressure Drop (pD) SolutionRadial Flow of Compressible FluidsThe m(p)-Solution Method (Exact Solution)The Pressure-Squared Approximation Method (p2-Method)The Pressure-Approximation MethodSection 3.10 Pseudosteady-State FlowRadial Flow of Slightly Compressible FluidsRadial Flow of Compressible Fluids (Gases)Pressure-Squared Approximation MethodPressure-Approximation MethodSkin FactorTurbulent Flow FactorSection 3.11 Principle of SuperpositionEffects of Multiple WellsEffects of Variable Flow RatesEffects of the Reservoir BoundaryAccounting for Pressure-Change EffectsSection 3.12 Transient Well TestingDrawdown TestPressure Buildup TestSection 3.13 ProblemsSection 3.14 ReferencesIndex