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Pergamon

  • Denmark: A Social Laboratory

    Independent Farmers and Co-Operatives, Folk High-Schools, the Changing Village, the Development of Social Welfare in Town and Country
    • 1st Edition
    • Peter Manniche
    • James F. Porter
    • English
    Denmark: A Social Laboratory explores the history of the agricultural sector in Denmark. This is the first part in a series of books on “Rural Development and Changing Countries of the World.” The book is organized into two parts. Part I provides an overview of the agricultural industry in Denmark and explores the history of the farmers’ response to internal problems, the development of farmers’ cooperation, the establishment of folk high schools for young adults, and vocational training for farmers. Part II explores the evolution of rural village in Denmark, analyzes the development of social legislation, and describes the structure of the changing village. This book will be of interest to persons dealing with studies on rural development and the history of agricultural development in Denmark.

  • Structural Theorems and Their Applications

    The Commonwealth and International Library: Structures and Solid Body Mechanics Division
    • 1st Edition
    • B. G. Neal
    • B. G. Neal
    • English
    Structural Theorems and Their Applications is an account of the various structural theorems and their applications. Topics covered range from the principles of superposition to virtual work and energy concepts, calculation of deflections, and analysis of indeterminate structures using the compatibility and equilibrium methods. Reciprocal theorems and theorems of plastic analysis for plane frames are also discussed. This book is comprised of eight chapters and begins with an overview of the problems of structural analysis and the importance of the principle of virtual work in this regard, followed by an analysis of the principles of superposition. The next chapter is devoted to virtual work and energy concepts such as strain energy and complementary energy. The principle of virtual work is used in the subsequent chapters as the basis for all of the indirect methods of structural analysis described in the text, including the analysis of indeterminate structures using the compatibility method and the equilibrium method. The principle of virtual work is also used to prove the reciprocal theorems and to establish the various theorems of plastic and incremental collapse for framed structures. This monograph will be of interest to mechanical and structural engineers.

  • Some Problems of Chemical Kinetics and Reactivity

    Volume 2
    • 1st Edition
    • N. N. Semenov
    • English
    Some Problems of Chemical Kinetics and Reactivity discusses two types of explosion in detail. These two types are the thermal and chain explosion. Points are also given in the book about thermal theory on a quantitative basis. The book explains that the science of combustion develops as a special branch of chemical kinetics. The text also covers the chain ignition concept. Such concept shows that phosphorus would not ignite below some critical oxygen pressure and no traces of reaction could be detected under such condition. Another type of concept discussed in the book is the branched chain reactions. The book proves that the existence of limit phenomenon determines the practicability of using nuclear energy. Factors such as pressure, density, temperature, and vessel dimension transform inert condition to violent reaction. Formulas and computations to prove the concepts mentioned are provided in the book. The book will provide valuable insight to nuclear physicists, scientists, students, and researchers.

  • Strategic Issues in Information Technology

    International Implications for Decision Makers
    • 1st Edition
    • Hellmut Schütte
    • English
    Strategic Issues in Information Technology: International Implications for Decision Makers presents the significant development of information technology in the output of components, computers, and communication equipment and systems. This book discusses the integration of information technology into factories and offices to increase productivity. Organized into six parts encompassing 12 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the advancement towards an automated interpretation communication system to achieve real international communication. This text then examines the main determining factors for development. Other chapters consider the issue of domestic interests versus international cooperation. This book discusses as well the rapid progress in information technology, which results in pervasive and basic change across the range of human activity in industry, trade, public service, government, work, and leisure. The final chapter deals with information technology's potential impact on industrialized economies and societies. This book is a valuable resource for engineers, designers, entrepreneurs, and managers.

  • A Course of Mathematics for Engineerings and Scientists

    Volume 4
    • 1st Edition
    • Brian H. Chirgwin + 1 more
    • English
    A Course of Mathematics for Engineers and Scientists offers a mathematics course for undergraduate students reading science and engineering at British and Commonwealth Universities and colleges. The aim of this volume is to generalize and develop the ideas and methods of earlier volumes so that the student can appreciate and use the mathematical methods required in the more advanced parts of physics and engineering. This book begins with elementary ideas of vector algebra which are generalized and developed in two ways. The first is an account of vector analysis and the differential and integral operations and theorems concerning vectors. These ideas find their first generalization in tensor analysis and the transformation of coordinates, including orthogonal curvilinear coordinates. The second development is to matrices, where the properties of arrays of elements, linear equations, and quadratic forms are shown to be the generalizations of elementary algebra and, using 'vector space', of familiar geometrical ideas to n dimensions. The solution of differential equations by series provides a general method for the solution of ordinary and some partial differential equations. A discussion of the properties of the solutions in the light of the Sturm-Liouville theory introduces the conceptions of eigenvalues and orthogonal functions, forming a link with matrices. A chapter on the special functions gives some of the better known properties of Bessel, Legendre, Laguerre, and Hermite functions, which commonly occur in the solution of boundary and initial value problems.

  • Analysis and Design of Structural Sandwich Panels

    The Commonwealth and International Library: Structures and Solid Body Mechanics Division
    • 1st Edition
    • Howard G. Allen
    • B. G. Neal
    • English
    Analysis and Design of Structural Sandwich Panels serves as a simple guide to the fundamental aspects of the theory of sandwich construction and to the assumptions on which it is based. This book discusses the real importance of the assumptions made in sandwich theory concerning the relative stiffness and thickness of the faces and the core. Organized into 12 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the relatively simple problems of sandwich beams and struts. This text then discusses the bending of sandwich beams, which grows naturally from the ordinary theory of bending. Other chapters explore the bending and buckling of sandwich panels. This book discusses as well the panel analyses based on the Ritz method and on the derivation of differential equations for a sandwich plate. This book should be of interest not only to aeronautical engineers but also to readers concerned with the design of sandwich panels in the building, plastics, and boat-building industries.

  • Standard Methods for the Analysis of Oils, Fats and Derivatives

    • 6th Edition
    • C. Paquot
    • English
    Standard Methods for the analysis of Oils, Fats and Derivatives Sixth Edition, Part 1 (Sections I and II) describes the methods of analysis, which have been adopted and edited by the Commission on Oils, Fats and Derivatives. This book is composed of two sections. The first section deals with the presentation of standard methods and procedure for oleaginous seeds and fruits analysis of oil, fats, and their derivatives. The next section describes the determination procedure of physico-chemical properties of determined oil, fats, and derivatives. Such characteristics include density, refractive index, color, dilatation, acid, ester, iodine value, and moisture and volatile matter content This book will prove useful to analytical chemists and researchers in the allied fields.

  • The Chemistry of Organic Sulfur Compounds

    • 1st Edition
    • Norman Kharasch + 1 more
    • English
    The Chemistry of Organic Sulfur Compounds deals with the chemistry of organic sulfur compounds such as thiocyanates, 1-alkynyl thioethers, thiols, and olefins. Topics covered range from the mechanisms of Raney nickel desulfuration to olefin sulfide chemistry, desulfonylation reactions, and alkaline decomposition of aliphatic disulfides. The reaction of cyanide with cystine and cystine peptides is also discussed. This volume is comprised of 15 chapters and begins with an introduction to electron correlation and bond properties in some selected sulfur compounds including thionyl and sulfuryl fluoride. The following chapters explore the mechanisms of Raney nickel desulfuration; isomerization of organic thiocyanates; polyfluoroalkyl derivatives of sulfur; anionic oxidation of thiols and co-oxidation of thiols with olefins; and the chemistry of the 1,2-sithiole ring. Thiohydantoins, thiophosgene, and the alkaline decomposition of aliphatic disulfides are also considered. The final chapter is devoted to oxidation of disulfides, with special reference to cystine. This book will be a useful resource for organic chemists.

  • Clays and Clay Minerals

    Proceedings of the Eighth National Conference on Clays and Clay Minerals
    • 1st Edition
    • Ada Swineford
    • English
    Clays and Clay Minerals, Volume 8 contains the proceedings of the Eighth National Conference on Clays and Clay Minerals held in Norman, Oklahoma, on October 11-14, 1959 and sponsored by the Clay Minerals Committee of the National Academy of Sciences—National Research Council in cooperation with the University of Oklahoma. The papers explore research findings as well as problems related to clays and clay minerals in many diverse disciplines. This volume is comprised of 22 chapters and begins with a description of clays and clay minerals present in Wichita Mountain area, southwestern Oklahoma, followed by an analysis of the correlations of kaolinite crystallinity with chemical and physical properties. An evaluation of the amount and distribution of montmorillonite in some kaolins found in Georgia and South Carolina is then presented. Subsequent chapters focus on the geology, mineralogy, and genesis of selected fireclays from Latah County, Idaho; chemical weathering of layer silicate clays in loess-derived Tama silt loam of southwestern Wisconsin; possible uses of clay minerals in the search for oil; and a geochemical method for determining paleosalinity. The final chapter presents the results of a mineralogical analysis of soil clays involving vermiculite-chlorite... differentiation. This book will appeal to geologists, geochemists, and mineralogists.

  • Applications of Space Developments

    Selected Papers from the XXXI International Astronautical Congress, Tokyo, 21 — 28 September 1980
    • 1st Edition
    • L. G. Napolitano
    • English
    Applications of Space Developments covers the proceedings of the 31st Annual Congress of the International Astronautical Federation on Applications of Space Developments, held in Tokyo, Japan. The contributors consider the significant achievements and activities in Japan in the main areas of space applications, such as telecommunications, earth and ocean observation, materials sciences, and space processes. This book is organized into 22 chapters, which reflect the four main areas covered in the Annual Congress, including Earth-Oriented Applications of Space Technology, Earth Observations, Low-Gravity Environment, and Communication Satellites. The first chapters deal with the monitoring of earth and ocean energy resources, earth satellite power stations, energy conversion and transfer, structure technology, system fabrication and assembly of large space structures, and, nuclear waste disposal in space. The succeeding chapters are devoted to weather satellites, earth and ocean dynamics, earth and atmosphere pollution, payloads for earth and ocean observations, data analysis. These topics are followed by discussions on the theoretical and experimental aspects of microgravity materials, fluid and life sciences, the simulation of microgravity environment on earth, the effects of weightlessness on man, and the earth applications of space experiments. The concluding chapters survey the operational, experimental, and communication satellites systems, with emphasis on economic aspects and on the prospects of TV satellites. This book will prove useful to space scientists and technologists, astronomers, and satellite and communications engineers.

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