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Elsevier

Pergamon

  • Advances in Structure Research by Diffraction Methods

    Fortschritte der Strukturforschung mit Beugungsmethoden
    • 1st Edition
    • R. Brill + 1 more
    • English
    Advances in Structure Research by Diffraction Methods reviews advances in the use of diffraction methods in structure research. Topics covered include the dynamical theory of X-ray diffraction, with emphasis on Ewald waves in theory and experiment; dynamical theory of electron diffraction; small angle scattering; and molecular packing. This book is comprised of four chapters and begins with an overview of the dynamical theory of X-ray diffraction, especially in terms of how it explains all the absorption and propagation properties of X-rays at the Bragg setting in a perfect crystal. The next chapter describes the dynamical theory of electron diffraction, paying particular attention to unconventional structure analysis in connection with the problems of absorption. The most important features of the background of small angle analysis are then examined, and some examples showing the direct analysis of small angle scattering (sometimes in combination with wide angle scattering) are provided. The last chapter deals with crystals built from molecules and their peculiar geometrical features. The principle of close packing of molecules in an organic crystal is also described, along with lattice dynamics, hydrogen bonds in crystals, and the rotational crystalline state. This monograph will be a useful resource for practitioners and researchers in physics and crystallography.

  • Complex Variables

    Pergamon International Library of Science, Technology, Engineering and Social Studies
    • 1st Edition
    • H. R. Chillingworth
    • Robert Maxwell
    • English
    Complex Variables covers topics ranging from complex numbers to point sets in the complex plane, elementary functions, straight lines and circles, simple and conformal transformations, and zeros and singularities. Cauchy's theorem, Taylor's theorem, Laurent's theorem, contour integration, and miscellaneous theorems are also discussed. This volume consists of 14 chapters, the first of which introduces the theory of complex numbers and their development either from an algebraic or from a geometrical viewpoint. Emphasis is on the complex plane, modulus, amplitude, number pairs, complex conjugates, the triangle inequality, De Moivre's theorem, and the four mathematical operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division). Attention then turns to point sets in the complex plane, infinite series and tests for convergence, functions of a complex variable, and elementary functions. The chapters that follow focus on straight lines and circles, simple and conformal transformations, and integration. Exercises are included in every section of each chapter except the last. This book is written primarily for students and teachers of mathematics.

  • Human Aspects of Urban Form

    Towards a Man—Environment Approach to Urban Form and Design
    • 1st Edition
    • Amos Rapoport
    • English
    Human Aspects of Urban Form: Towards a Man-Environment Approach to Urban Form and Design examines the way people perceive the city, the effects of urban forms on people, and the role of images. By adopting a man-environment approach, this book seeks to understand the importance of cities for human behavior or satisfaction. This text also considers the way given urban configurations fit people's psychological, cultural, and social needs. This book consists of six chapters and begins with an introduction to many of the concepts related to human dimensions of urban form and design. Urban design is discussed as the organization of space, time, meaning, and communication. The chapters that follow focus on the nature of the environment, cultural differences, role of values, and the concept of environmental perception as it is being used, along with the concept of image and schema. The three meanings of ""perception"" are then analyzed: the notion of environmental quality and preference as a variable concept and its constituent parts; various aspects of environmental cognition and its relation to design; and perception proper and its various aspects. Discussion then shifts to social, cultural, and ethological concepts that clarify the nature of urban space organization. This book concludes with a chapter stressing the need for people to get involved in the environment, the relationship of activity and form, and notion of open-ended design. This reference material will be of interest to students and practitioners of urban design and planning.

  • Smoking

    A Behavioral Analysis
    • 1st Edition
    • Bernard Mausner + 1 more
    • Arnold P. Goldstein + 1 more
    • English
    Smoking: A Behavioral Analysis is written by two experimental social psychologists. It focuses on the psychological aspect of smoking and the effects that role-playing has on it. Comprised of two parts, the first part deals with the reasons that people begin and continue smoking, the environmental and intra-individual support for smoking, the relationship of these supports, and the values and expectations concerning the effects of smoking. The second part details an experiment that uses role-playing to induce a change in smoking. It includes the background, design, procedure, and the implications of the experiment in the research and control of smoking. The book is a valuable reference for psychologists, medical doctors, experts, and lay people interested in smoking, smoking cessation, and the relationship of behavior to this habit.

  • Strength of Materials

    A Course for Students
    • 1st Edition
    • Peter Black
    • English
    Strength of Materials: A Course for Students deals with theories of stress analysis. The book describes simple stress, strain, and strain energy and defines, with appropriate formulas, commonly used terms such as load, elasticity, tensile test, and temperature stresses. The text then analyzes the moment when an applied force bends a subject beam under different load conditions. The formula for the first and second moments of area and the formula for the first and second moments of mass are explained. The book also describes the unstrained or neutral plane when a bending moment acting on a particular beam results in tensile and compressive strains. The author also explains bending with direct stress, torsion, and the types of complex stresses. The theories of elastic failure are then discussed: the Maximum Principal Stress Theory (Rankine) for brittle materials, as well as the Maximum Shear Stress Theory (Coulomb, Tresca, and Guest) and the Maximum Strain Energy Theory (Haigh), which both concern ductile materials. The text also addresses the stress that can occur in both thick and thin cylinders, and then shows the appropriate computations to determine the downward forces as well as Lame's Formulas, which are used to find the radial and hoop stresses acting on the cylinder. This textbook is useful for students of civil, structural, and mechanical engineering. Designers and technicians of industrial machinery will also greatly profit from reading this book.

  • Spatial Dimensions of Public Policy

    • 1st Edition
    • J. T. Coppock + 1 more
    • English
    Spatial Dimensions of Public Policy deals with the spatial dimensions of public policy with particular reference to resource management, urban development, regional development, and poverty alleviation. Emphasis is on the geographer's actual and potential contributions to public policy. Comprised of 15 chapters, this book begins with an introduction to the nature of geographers' contributions to public policy and the reasons why they have not been as effective as the relationships between their interests and important issues of public policy might suggest. The next chapter describes how policy decisions are made in Canada and reviews the nature of disciplinary contributions to governmental decision-making at the highest level. Subsequent chapters focus on regional policy and broad issues of world strategy; specific contributions to public policy, particularly in the United Kingdom; spatial aspects of pollution policy; and policies outside the United Kingdom. Energy policy in Western Europe is discussed, together with a geographer's contribution to addressing environmental problems in New Zealand; the difficulties of achieving an accurate population census of Nigeria; and the reshaping of the legislative and congressional districts of the State of Washington. This monograph will be of interest to geographers and public policymakers.

  • The Technical Applications of Radioactivity

    • 1st Edition
    • Engelbert Broda + 1 more
    • English
    The Technical Applications of Radioactivity, Volume 1 reviews the technical applications of radioactivity, with emphasis on the potentialities of nuclear physics and nuclear chemistry for the peaceful development of industrial productivity. Topics covered range from measurement of radioactivity to the production and chemistry of radio elements, as well as the application of radioactivity in chemical analysis and in the mining, metallurgical, electrical, and engineering industries. Comprised of 13 chapters, this volume first deals with the fundamentals of modern atomic theory, followed by an introduction to the basic facts of radioactivity, the methods used for measuring it, and chemical operations with radioactive substances. Subsequent chapters focus on the use of radioactivity in chemical analysis, hydrology, and water supply, and in industries such as mining and oil production, engineering, and chemical sectors, along with forestry and agriculture. The final chapter looks at precautions in the use of radioactive materials to protect research workers, physicians, and other personnel against the harmful effects of ionizing radiation. This book is written for scientists and scientific or technical workers.

  • Hot Carriers in Semiconductors

    Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference, 20-24 July 1987, Boston, MA, U.S.A.
    • 1st Edition
    • J. Shah + 1 more
    • English
    A comprehensive account of the latest developments in the rapidly expanding area of Semiconductor Technology. Main topics covered include real space transfer/heterostruc... ultrafast studies, optical studies, transport theory, devices, ballistic transport, scattering processes and hot phonons, tunnelling, far infrared and magnetic field studies and impact ionization/noise/cha... Other aspects include the use of femtosecond lasers in investigating transient hot carrier effects on femtosecond timescales, magnetotransport and carrier-carrier interactions.

  • Structure and Crystallization of Glasses

    • 1st Edition
    • Werner Vogel
    • English
    Structure and Crystallization of Glasses details glass structural analysis from an experimental perspective. The book is comprised of eight chapters that cover various structural concepts. The text first introduces the basic elements of glass structures, and then proceeds to discussing the development of classical structure theories. The next chapter presents research that deals with structure of prototype and original glasses. Next, the book details the position of the structural conceptions resulting from the studies. Chapter 5 talks about the crystallization behavior of glasses according to the classical studies of G. Tammann and their development. Chapter 6 deals with the effects of the composition of glass on the resulting form of a crystal phase in the course of growth. The seventh chapter discusses the microphases in glass and their relations to crystallization, and the last chapter details the directed crystallization in glass. The text will be of great use to individuals involved in the research, development, and application of glass technology, such as materials engineers and inorganic chemists.

  • Regulatory Functions of the CNS Subsystems

    Proceedings of the 28th International Congress of Physiological Sciences, Budapest, 1980
    • 1st Edition
    • J. Szentágothai + 2 more
    • English
    Advances in Physiological Sciences, Volume 2: Regulatory Functions of the CNS Subsystems covers the proceedings of the 28th International Congress of Physiological Sciences, held in Budapest in 1980. This volume is divided into five parts. Before this book presents the five major themes, it first discusses the synaptic plasticity in the red nucleus and the functional units of cerebellum. Then, this text concentrates on explaining the central nervous system’s ontogenic development and differentiation. The modular organization principles in the system, as well as the perspectives in cerebellar physiology and striatal mechanisms, are then looked into. This volume concludes by explaining neuronal mechanisms of subcortical sensory processing. This book will be valuable to those studying the central nervous system, specifically the functions of its subsystems.

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