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Academic Press

Enzyme Catalysis and Control
1st Edition
Volume 24
Marlene Deluca + 2 more
English
Current Topics in Cellular Regulation: Volume 24, Enzyme Catalysis and Control is a compendium of papers that discusses phosphoryl transfer reactions, the role of water on the free energy of hydrolysis of pyrophosphate, and the hormonal actions of vitamin D. Other papers describe the regulation lipid metabolism by a lipid-carrying protein, the GABA, and taurine enzymes in mammalian brain. One paper examines the role of vitamin D in the metabolism of cells, as well as in the whole animal. Upon absorption in the body, the vitamin undergoes various metabolic transformations before interacting with specific receptors, and then inducting the genome in the target tissues to generate biological and hormonal responses. Another paper notes the possibility of a genetic defect in cancer cells that results in the abnormal accumulation of sterol carrier protein (SCP) and cholesterol in vivo; and also in the inability to maintain levels of SCP or cholesterol in vitro. One paper shows that tartrate, or other organic acids, secreted into the medium by the penicillia keeps the pH in an optimal range for acid protease degradation of proteins and glycoproteins. This mechanism helps the fungus to survive in a nutrient environment (which is unbalanced with respect to an optimum C/N ratio and at a pH unfavorable to many bacteria and other life forms). Another paper proposes a model for the modulation of ATP synthetase activities and medium exchange reactions by energy input, substrate concentration, or others that affect the microenvironment of the enzyme under certain conditions. The compendium will prove beneficial to molecular biologists, general biologists, microbiologists, and biochemists.
Current Topics in Cellular Regulation
1st Edition
Volume 13
Bernard L. Horecker + 1 more
English
Current Topics in Cellular Regulation, Volume 13 emphasizes the basic mechanisms involved in the regulation of diverse cellular activities. This book discusses the enzymology of aminoacyl-tRNA protein transferases, analysis of mutant phenotypes, and protein kinase reaction with pyruvate kinase as substrate. The rapid hormonal regulation of pyruvate kinase in vivo, interconvertible enzyme cascades in metabolic regulation, monocyclic cascade systems, and metabolism of fructose in the liver are also elaborated. This publication likewise covers the influence of fructose on lipid metabolism, lactose operator-repressor interaction, and regulation of nitrogenase synthesis. Other topics include the involvement of isozymes in metabolic regulation and molecular approach to the complement system. This volume is a good reference for biologists and researchers conducting work on the advances in the general area of cellular regulation.
Comparative Virology
1st Edition
Karl Maramorosch + 1 more
English
Comparative Virology provides an integrated comparison of viruses, based on their chemical and morphological characteristics. These descriptions will not only give the reader a background but also a detailed analysis of the various groups. In some instances the groups are still host related, as in the case of bacteriophages and polyhedral insect viruses. In others, for instance in pox viruses, the group comprises viruses of vertebrates and invertebrates. The hosts of the bacilliform Rhabdovirales range from man and other warm-blooded vertebrates through invertebrate animals to plants. A special chapter is devoted to viruses devoid of protein—a group that is of great interest and that has only recently been recognized. Since there is historical and practical interest in écologie groupings, such as arboviruses and oncogenic viruses, chapters on such groups have also been included. The book opens with a discussion on the classification of viruses. Chapters dealing with DNA viruses and RNA viruses follow, and the ecologically and disease-oriented groups complete the volume. It is hoped that ""Comparative Virology"" will help bring unity to the science of virology through the comparative approach that is not dependent on virus-host interactions. The combined efforts of eminent contributors to discuss and evaluate new information will hopefully benefit all who are interested in virology
Prehistoric Hunter-Gatherers
The Emergence of Cultural Complexity
1st Edition
RABIGER
English
Prehistoric Hunters–Gatherers: The Emergence of Cultural Complexity focuses on the emergence of cultural complexity among hunter–gatherers. This book presents the demographic, ecological, and social perspectives that add to the understanding of the emergence of more elaborate organization. Organized into four parts encompassing 17 chapters, this book begins with an overview of previous perspectives on cultural complexity and suggests directions in the study of change. This text then proposes a synthesis of both ecological and social approaches as a more powerful interpretative framework for the study of complexity. Other chapters consider the relationship between population and social complexity in an elaboration of major argument regarding demographic pressure and cultural change. This book provides as well an intriguing look at the regional consequences of their focus on whaling. The final chapter characterizes approaches to hunter–gatherer complexity and reiterates the significance of change in human society prior to the adoption of domesticated animals and plants. This book is a valuable resource for archeologists and anthropologists.
Current Topics in Cellular Regulation
1st Edition
Volume 10
Bernard L. Horecker + 1 more
English
Current Topics in Cellular Regulation, Volume 10 presents the fundamental mechanisms involved in the regulation of diverse cellular activities, including cellular differentiation, intermediary metabolism, and the transfer of genetic information. This book provides information pertinent to the various aspects of cellular regulation. Organized into six chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the enzymes that exhibit half-of-the-sites activity. This text then examines the two different aspects of cyclic AMP-mediated systems. Other chapters consider the possible role of citrate synthase in the regulation of the citric acid cycle. This book discusses as well the regulation of the pentose phosphate pathway. The final chapter reviews the evidence for the occurrence of futile cycles at three control points in the metabolism of glucose, namely, at the level of glucose phosphorylation, at the interconversion of fructose mono- and biophosphates, and between pyruvate and phosphenol pyruvate. This book is a valuable resource for biochemists, biologists, and research workers.
Incest: A Biosocial View
1st Edition
MOST
English
Incest: A Biosocial View focuses on the sociobiological theory of incest and compares it with other theoretical approaches to the problem. The argument made in this book is that the existence of culture does not lead to the exemption of Homo sapiens from the evolutionary process. Instead, it creates a coevolutionary process, of which the evolution of incest avoidance in human beings is the simplest, yet most instructive, example. Comprised of 11 chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to the problem of incest, followed by a discussion on the sociobiological theory in general and some important methodological issues. Epigenetic rules and the importance of reproduction are considered, along with inclusive fitness and kin selection; kinship altruism (nepotism); reciprocal altruism; mate selection and parental investment, parent-child and sibling conflict; aggression and social order; and the biosocial view of culture. The next three chapters survey the theories and empirical findings that led to the sociobiological theory of incest, with particular reference to the views of Edward Westermarck as well as the kibbutz and the sim-pua. The propositions of the sociobiological theory of incest are then outlined. The book concludes by summarizing the classic theories of incest and synthesizing them in light of the sociobiological theory. This monograph is relevant to psychoanalysts, sociologists, biologists, anthropologists, and psychologists studying the problem of incest.
Advances in Lipid Research
1st Edition
Volume 13
Rodolfo Paoletti + 1 more
English
Advances in Lipid Research, Volume 13 is a four-chapter text that emphasizes the biological aspects of lipoproteins. The first chapter reviews the status of lipoprotein metabolism, specifically the functional, structural, and metabolic interrelationships of lipoproteins. The second chapter covers aspects of lipid metabolism in diabetes and the stresses that can cause alterations in carbohydrate metabolism. The third chapter discusses the developments in understanding the physicochemical basis of gallstone formation. The fourth chapter deals with the biosynthesis and composition of milk fat. This chapter also presents a summary of some of the important features of milk fat production processes. This book will prove useful to lipid chemists, biochemists, physicians, and researchers.
Clinical Immunobiology
1st Edition
Volume 2
Fritz H. Bach + 1 more
English
Clinical Immunobiology, Volume 2 covers the advances in the field being made to apply bone marrow transplantation to the treatment of several diseases. This volume is divided into 11 chapters and begins with surveys of the clinical considerations of bone marrow transplantation. Considerable chapters are devoted to the application of this transplantation to the treatment of various diseases, including aplastic anemia, aregenerative pancytopenia, leukemia, uniformly fatal severe combined immunodeficiency diseases, and Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. Other chapters examine the cellular engineering in the form of bone marrow and thymus transplantation. The remaining chapters consider the effects of exposure to excessive amounts of radiation or cytotoxic chemicals, as well as the hematopoietic failure based on malfunction of the complex process of normal hematological development and maintenance. This book will be of great value to clinical immunobiologists, practicing physicians, researchers, and medical and biology students.
Speech and Language
Advances in Basic Research and Practice
1st Edition
Volume 3
Norman J. Lass
English
Speech and Language: Volume 3, Advances in Basic Research and Practice is a compendium of papers that discusses theories, clinical issues, and pathology of language and speech. Some papers discuss theories of phonological development, the encoding/decoding system of language, and the application of phonological universals in speech pathology. Other papers deal with the role of the speech-language clinician, a psychological framework for speech perception, and the formulation of a model for biomechanical analysis of velopharyngeal structure and function. Several papers analyze speech control mechanisms in skilled and non-skilled speakers, the rationale for the delayed auditory feedback (DAF) treatment program, and biofeedback in relation to speech pathology. One paper cites a study of Williams (1974) that shows strategies used in learning a new phonetic system depend upon whether the speaker is still within the critical period for language learning or already well beyond it. The paper notes that if adults can ignore their previously learned sound system and be childlike again in their freedom to experiment and be sensitivity to their own results, then they can achieve supra-segmental and segmental nuances of a new language. The compendium can prove helpful for linguists, ethnologists, psychologists, speech therapists, researchers in linguistics or communications, and general readers interested in speech or learning issues.
The Role of Products of the Histocompatibility Gene Complex in Immune Responses
1st Edition
David H. Katz + 1 more
English
The Role of Products of the Histocompatibility Gene Complex in Immune Responses documents the proceedings of a conference held on 3-7 November 1975, which brought together an international group of scientists spanning three independent disciplines—genetics and immunogenetics, molecular biochemistry, and immunobiology—with clinical medicine overlapping these disciplines. This volume contains 42 papers organized according to the eight sessions held at the conference. The papers in Session I examined the genetics of the major histocompatibility complex. Session II presented studies on the biology of mixed lymphocyte interactions and cell-mediated cytotoxicity reactions. Session III discussed immune response gene systems while Session IV dealt with the genetic control of cell interactions. The papers in Session V covered idiotypic determinants on T cell receptors. Session VI investigated the properties of histocompatibility gene products involved in regulation of immune responses. Session VII focused on the biochemistry and immunocytology of cell surface products of the major histocompatibility complex. Finally, Session VIII discussed interrelationships between products of the major histocompatibility complex and their relevance to disease.

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